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高智商儿童长大成人后倾向于素食？【轉帖】
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高智商儿童长大成人后倾向于素食zz(2006-12-21 16:40:42)
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http://news.yahoo.com/s/hsn/20061215/hl_hsn/kidswithhighiqsgrowuptob
Kids With High IQs Grow Up to Be Vegetarians - Yahoo! NewsYahoo!
高智商儿童长大成人后倾向于素食
12月15日：“健康日”新闻
记者 史蒂文•赖因伯格（Steven Reinberg）报道
一项新研究表明，一个儿童的智商升高，他在成年后对肉类的胃口就下降。
英国研究人员发现，根据儿童的智商可以预测他们成人后成为素食者的可能性，这一过程可使他们发生心血管疾病的概率降低。研究者们说这个结果可以解释聪明人与健康较好之间的联系。
这篇论文的主要作者是凯瑟琳•盖尔，她是英国南安普敦大学和南安普敦总医院医学研究委员会流行病学资源中心的资深研究员。她认为：比较聪明的人多采取有利 于健康的饮食习惯。最近的研究表明，素食可使胆固醇降低，减少肥胖和心脏病的危险性。这可以解释为什么高智商儿童在成年以后发生心脏病的危险性较低。这篇 报告发表在2006年12月15日《英国医学杂志》（British Medical Journal）电子版上。
盖尔说：“根据其他研究，我们知道聪明的儿童常有与成人一样的健康的行为方式，如不吸烟、较少有体重超重和高血压，比较喜欢参加体育锻炼。”因此，“这项研究进一步证明，高智商的人倾向于健康的生活方式。
盖尔说：“在10岁时检测具有高智商分数的人，在30岁时成为素食者比低智商分数的人要多。研究者发现，在这组研究对象中，4.5％为素食者，2.5％为 严格素食者（vegan纯素食者），33.6 ％的人说素食，但吃鸡或鱼。严格素食者与素食者的智商分数无显著差异，但与吃鱼或鸡者则有差异。
盖尔说，在素食者中，女性、高社会阶层和高教育水平所占的比例较高，但按这些因素调整后，二组的智商仍有显著差异。“在许多研究中，素食是降低心血管疾病 危险的因素，因此，这些发现表明，这种饮食或许有助于解释为何高智商的儿童或青少年到成年时冠状动脉心脏病的发病率较低。
但是，一位专家说，这个结果并非完美无缺的。美国达拉斯的得克萨斯西南医学中心临床营养学助理教授朗娜•桑登说：“这项研究还留下许多有待解答的问题，如 素食儿童是在素食的父母家庭里长大的吗？家里常规是否都是吃无肉膳食呢？是否儿童主要在10岁时素食呢？”“此外，我们不知道儿童父母的信仰和观念。也不 知道这些儿童在青少年期或成年后是否有什么特殊原因导致他/她们素食？”桑登注意到，此项研究中女性选择素食者较男性为多。她说“其他研究表明，女人一般 较男人更重视自己的健康。因此，如果她们相信素食对健康有好处，她们就会选择素食。”由于这些因素，桑登补充说，“我们不能从这项研究得出任何肯定的结 论。”
其他专家同意素食有利健康。耶鲁大学公共卫生副教授和预防研究中心主任戴维•卡茨博士
说：“素食与身体健康良好的关系证据十分充足。”“例如，加州素食的基督复临安息日会
教友的研究表明，几乎他们的各种主要慢性疾病的患病率都比相应的杂食对照组低，而且长寿。卡茨还说：“（素食）与高智商、高教育水平和高社会阶层之间关系的证据既充分又一致，这些因素似乎有交互关系，同时也与良好健康有关。
译者注：很多研究证明，素食有利于健康，减少肥胖和心血管疾病的死亡，延长寿命，是肯定的。此报道中有人（朗娜 桑登）提出异议的是，高智商与素食的关系，而非素食与健康的关系。有智慧的人采取有利于健康的生活方式，是理所当然的。
Kids With High IQs Grow Up to Be Vegetarians By Steven Reinberg
HealthDay Reporter
Fri Dec 15, 2:01 PM ET
FRIDAY, Dec. 15 (HealthDay News) -- As a child's IQ rises, his taste for meat in
adulthood declines, a new study suggests.
British researchers have found that children's IQ predicts their likelihood of
becoming vegetarians as young adults -- lowering their risk for cardiovascular
disease in the process. The finding could explain the link between smarts and
better health, the investigators say.
"Brighter people tend to have healthier dietary habits," concluded lead author
Catharine Gale, a senior research fellow at the MRC Epidemiology Resource Centre
of the University of Southampton and Southampton General Hospital.
Recent studies suggest that vegetarianism may be associated with lower
cholesterol, reduced risk of obesity and heart disease. This might explain why
children with high IQs tend to have a lower risk of heart disease in later life.
The report is published in the Dec. 15 online edition of the British Medical
Journal.
"We know from other studies that brighter children tend to behave in a healthier fashion as adults -- they're less likely to smoke, less likely to be overweight, less likely to have high blood pressure and more likely to take strenuous exercise," Gale said. "This study provides further evidence that people with a higher IQ tend to have a healthier lifestyle."In the study, Gale's team collected data on nearly 8,200 men and women aged 30, whose IQ had been tested when they were 10 years of age."Children who scored higher on IQ tests at age 10 were more likely than those who got lower scores to report that they were vegetarian at the age of 30," Gale said.
The researchers found that 4.5 percent of participants were vegetarians. Of these, 2.5 percent were vegan, and 33.6 percent said they were vegetarian but also ate fish or chicken.There was no difference in IQ score between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarian but who said they ate fish or chicken, the researchers add.
Vegetarians were more likely to be female, of higher social class and better educated, but IQ was still a significant predictor of being vegetarian after adjustment for these factors, Gale said."Vegetarian diets are associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk in a number of studies, so these findings suggest that a such a diet may help to explain why children or adolescents with a higher IQ have a lower risk of coronary heart disease as adults," Gale said.
One expert said the findings aren't the whole answer, however." This study left many unanswered questions such as: Did the vegetarian children grow up in a household with a vegetarian parent? Were meatless meals regularly served in the household? Were the children eating a primarily vegetarian diet at the age of 10?" said Lona Sandon, an assistant professor of clinical nutrition at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas." In addition, we don't know the beliefs or attitudes of the parents of the children, nor do we know if there was a particular event that led these children to becoming vegetarian in their teens or adulthood," Sandon said.
As the study showed, more women than men chose a vegetarian diet, Sandon noted. "Other research shows that women in general will focus more on their health than men. So, if they believe that a vegetarian diet will have health benefits, they are more likely to follow it," she said.Given these factors, "we cannot draw any solid conclusions from this research," Sandon added.Another expert agreed that a vegetarian diet is healthy."The evidence linking vegetarianism to good health outcomes is very strong," said Dr. David L. Katz, the director of the Prevention Research Center and an associate professor of public health at the Yale University School of Medicine.
"Studies, for example, of vegetarian Seventh-Day Adventists in California suggest that they have lower rates of almost all major chronic diseases, and greater longevity, than their omnivorous counterparts," Katz said. "Evidence is also strong and consistent that greater intelligence, higher education, and loftier social status -- which tend to cluster with one another -- also correlate with good health."
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