Kipp St. ChappaquaNY路段一瞥（二）

黄安年文  黄安年的博客/2015年10月12日晚上美东时间;13日上午北京时间发布

Kipp 家族在Chappaqua NY具有重要影响,他们在Chappaqua的Douglas 路段和Hardscrabble Road路段就有六处旧居。日前我专程来到以Kipp St.的地段，看看这里的风光。Kipp St.的地段两头分别接Quaker Road 和Douglas St. 形成一个三角地。

照片（一）26张，（二）19张,即时拍摄的。

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路过Benjamin Kipp在Chappaqua的故居

黄安年文  黄安年的博客/2015年5月30日美东时间上午,北京时间晚上发布

我们的住地距离Jesse Kipp的故居(1763)年步行只有10分钟左右的路程(1040 Hardscrabble Road), Kipp家族的故居在附近还有几家,我们汽车路过时并未引起注意。今天（星期六)一早我们走在几乎空无一人（往返70分钟只见三人）和极少车辆通行（只见7辆车)的路上，发现有座建筑物门前挂着美国国旗，走近一看建筑物上有名人建筑物的标致。于是上前仔细观看发现这座美国革命时期的建筑物保存完好,令人鼓舞。回家后从GOOGLE网上查询对于Benjamin Kipp家族有所了解,也增加对于我们所住地区的历史文化感到兴趣。

照片9张拍摄自今天早上。另外2张下载自GOOGLE

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The KippHeritage in New Castle

July 5,2009

Accordingto familyrecords, Benjamin Kipp (1714-1782) moved in 1732 from Newtown,Long Island, to the newly settled Quakercommunity ofChappaqua. There he acquired a farm of 400 acres, located along whatare nowDouglas and Hardscrabble Roads. About 1735 he married DorothyDavenport, amember of another pioneer Quaker family in Chappaqua, and theyraised a largefamily. Many of their descendants remained in the community andbelonged to theChappaqua meeting. More than 50 Kipps are buried at the Quakergraveyard, andthe list would be much larger if it included the families thatKipp daughtersmarried into.

There areat leastsix former Kipp houses located on or near the old family farm. Each isworth designationas a New Castlelandmark. In the descriptions that follow, youwill notice that the Kipps (likemany families) tended to re-use favored firstnames (such as Benjamin) over andoveragain, which tends to cause confusion among them. We will try to identifyanddistinguish individual family members as clearly as possible.

Benjamin Kipphouse, ca. 1735. 335 Douglas Road.

About1778, GeorgeWashington commissioned surveys and a set of maps of roads used byhis troopsin Westchester. One of the mapsincludes partsof what are now King  Street,Quaker  Road,Kipp  Street,Douglas  Road,Hardscrabble  Road,and Briarcliff Road.At the corner of Douglasand Hardscrabbleroads is a house labeled Benj. Kipp. This was the original Kippfarmhouse, avery small one-and-a-half-story shingled house, with just a doorand a singlefront window on the first floor, and small eyebrow windows on thesecond. Itwas substantially enlarged in 1957, but photographs taken before andduring thealteration, together with the architect’s plans, make it relativelyeasy totrack the history of the building from its original form. It wasprobablytypical of the modest homes built by the Chappaqua pioneers, who hadlittletime or inclination to build more than basic shelters for their familiesasthey transformed wilderness into farmland.

The houseremainedin the Kipp family until the early 20th century. In the early 1800scentury itwas the home of an unmarried grandson of Benjamin’s, also namedBenjamin(1764-1849). It then belonged to Charles C. Kipp (1812-1867), and hiswifeAntoynette Washburn Kipp (1818-1870). The last family member to own andoccupythe house was Charles and Antoynette’s daughter Wilhelmina KippSarles(1844-1913), the widow of Samuel Sarles (1833-1908). All thesedescendants, andprobably Benjamin himself, are buried in the Quaker graveyardin Chappaqua.

Jesse Kipp house,before 1771. 1040 Hardscrabble  Road.

JesseKipp(1740-1780), named after his Long Islandgrandfather, was the oldest ofBenjamin Kipp’s five surviving sons. He marriedAnn Haight about 1763, and hemay have built his home about this time. It wascertainly in existence by 1771,when it is first mentioned in North Castletownrecords.

Jesse andAnn Kipphad seven children before his early death at age forty. Two yearslater, hiswidow remarried. Her second husband was Robert Reynolds, the52-year-oldbachelor son of John Reynolds, who owned a large farm on Quaker Road. Robertand Ann Reynoldsremained in her house and had four children of their own.

The housedoesn’tappear on our earliest maps, but town records reveal where it waslocated. In1789, Campfire Roadwas first formally laid out, and one end of it isidentified as the residenceof Robert Reynolds. 1040  Hardscrabble Road is justsouth of theintersection with Campfire  Road,and there is little doubt that this is the housereferred to.

Ann KippReynoldswas widowed for the second time in 1809, and she herself died in 1811.Thehouse remained in the Kipp family until the death of Jesse’s son GilbertKippin 1857, It was then sold to another Quaker, Silas Tompkins, who owned ituntilhis own death in 1889.

In 1867,the New Castle map in Beers’ atlas of Westchester identifiesthe S. Tompkins Residence as“Washington’sHeadquarters,” and Scharf’s history of WestchesterCounty,published in 1886, states that“The residence of Mr. Silas Tompkins…is said tohave been for a short time Washington’sheadquarters.” On the basis of theseassertions, the Daughters of the AmericanRevolution named the houseWashington’sHeadquarters, and mounted a commemorative plaque there in 1966.

Unfortunately,thereis no 18th-century evidence to support this attribution. Washingtonand his troops did indeed pass though New  Castle—on Millwood  Road, Quaker  Road, and Armonk Road. Butthere is no evidence thatthey ever set foot on Hardscrabble  Road. Furthermore, it seemsvery dubious that afamily of devout Quakers, whose Peace Testimony forbadetheir support for eitherside in the Revolutionary War, would have offeredhospitality to GeneralWashington or allowed their home to be used as amilitary headquarters. (TheQuakers did allow their meetinghouse to be used asa military hospital followingthe Battle of White Plains in 1776, but that wasan act of charity to woundedmen, some of whom died and were buried there.)

The houseisnonetheless one of the earliest in New   Castle – one of the few that can be said to havebeenbuilt in colonial times. It has been enlarged and altered over thecenturies,but the earliest parts retain much of the original hand-hewnpost-and-beamframing of Jesse Kipp’s homestead.

William Kipp house,before 1778. 325 Douglas Road.

ThesameRevolutionary map that shows Benjamin Kipp’s home identifies a second onejustsouth of his, labeled “Wm Kipp.” William Kipp (1749-1800) was anotherofBenjamin’s five sons, a younger brother of Jesse Kipp. The map providesareliable date for his house, but he was married to Mary Merritt in 1770,andfour of their ten children were born by 1776, so the house may have beenbuiltin the early 1770s.

A drawingof 1873indicates that it was originally a saltbox cottage, only a little largerthanhis father’s. By the 1870s, it was attached to a much larger addition. Ithassince become part of a substantial and very handsome Colonial Revivalhouse.Only a part of the saltbox cottage remains visible, at the northwestcorner,but traces of the old post-and-beam framing, and the foundation of theoriginalstone chimney, can still be found within the structure.

The houseremainedin the Kipp family through most of the 1800s. In the latter part of thecenturyit was the home of William Kipp’s grandson Conklin Kipp (1810-1890).

Kipp-Gill house,ca. 1810. 292 Douglas Road.

This iscalled theKipp-Gill house because it was originally built by the Kipps and inthe late1800s became the home of Joseph Gill (ca. 1836-1909), who married intothe Kippfamily. The original owner may have been Benjamin Kipp (1787-1851), whowas theson of William Kipp and was a cousin of the Benjamin Kipp who lived inthe oldhomestead (above). He married Phebe Conklin in January, 1810, and theirfirstchild, Conklin Kipp (above), was born the following December. TheoriginalFederal-style, center-hall house may have been built about that time.

At somepointbefore the Civil War, the house was substantially enlarged with a pillaredwingin the Greek Revival style. The resulting ensemble is one of themostarchitecturally distinctive dwellings in New  Castle.

Kipp-Lambert house,ca. 1816 and 1860. 1130  Hardscrabble Road.

WilletKipp(1797-1853) was the son of Gilbert and Hannah Sarles Kipp, the grandsonofJesse and Ann Haight Kipp, and the great-grandson of Benjamin andMaryDavenportKipp. He married Mary Carpenter in 1816, and may have built theirsmall cottageon Hardscrabble Roadabout that time, half a mile or so north ofhis grandfather’s house at 1040Hardscrabble.

WilletKipp’s homewas a simple story-and-a-half cottage typical of the early Quakerfarmhouses inNew Castle.There he and Mary raised seven children. She died in1849, he in 1853. In 1860,the property was required by New Yorkbanker Edward W.Lambert, who built a much larger Greek Revival house as hisretirement home, butconnected the original cottage to the house for use as akitchen. Lambert calledhis estate Hemlock Grove, for the large stand ofhemlocks on the rocky knollbehind the house.

At theend of the1800s, the estate was acquired by an architect, Charles Valentine. Heerectedthe curved neoclassical arbor that extends to the west of the house, andheprobably rebuilt the two-story front verandah with more substantialpillarsthan it originally had.

In the middleofthe 20th century, the house belonged to Donald Macaulay, who renameditBoxwood, after the large English box bushes near Hardscrabble Road.

Charles C. Kipphouse, ca. 1905. 300 Douglas Road.

CharlesC. Kipp(born 1851) was a son of Conklin Kipp, and was named after his uncle(above).He married Dolly Howe in 1882. Their house was built across the streetfrom hisfather’s and next door to his grandfather’s in the first decade of the1900s.With its generous wraparound porch, double front door, and bow windows,it istransitional in style, combining Victorian and Colonial Revival elements,andis typical of the comfortable family homes of the turn of the 20th century.Ithas changed very little over the century since it was constructed.

Insidethe carriagehouse at their grandfather Conklin’s farm are preserved thesignatures of twoof Charles and Dolly Kipp’s daughters, Kittie and Edna, whoplayed there aschildren. When Edna grew up, she wanted to marry HerbertJohnson, but herparents disapproved of the match, possibly because Herb Johnsonwasn’t aQuaker. The young couple decided to elope. According to familytradition,before Edna climbed out of the window from her bedroom, she threwdown hersuitcase, which struck Herb on the head. Later, Herb is said to havecommentedfacetiously that he should have known what was coming when she hit himwith thesuitcase. The Johnsons lived on a farm on South Hardscrabble Road, nearthe Mount Pleasant border,and it continued to be the home of their son, CharlesHerbert Johnson, wellinto the 20th century.

KittieKipp(1884-1905) married John Graff, who in 1890 had purchased the old JesseKipphouse and farm from the widow of Isaac Tompkins. The farm still contained114acres, on both sides of Hardscrabble   Road. So, for a period of her regrettablyshortlife, Kittie Kipp Graff became the possessor of one of the last majorremnantsof the land that her great-great-great grandfather, Benjamin Kipp,hadtransformed from wilderness more than a century and a half earlier.

http://www.newcastlenow.org/index.php/article/3601

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