智力研究专家谈肤色

武夷山

曾任美国心理学会主席的美国耶鲁大学心理学教授Roberts Sternberg（斯滕伯格）是著名的智力研究专家，他有多部著作已经译为中文，如中国人民大学出版社的《创意心理学》，北京理工大学出版社的《智慧 智力 创造力》，后一本书我正在阅读。

在2007年10月27日出版的《新科学家》杂志上，他却兴致勃勃地谈起了肤色问题。这篇文章的题目是：Race and Intelligence: Not a case of black and white（种族与智力：不是个黑白分明的问题。博主注：请注意这个标题的双关意义，很巧妙）。文章说：

非洲不同种黑人相互之间的基因差异往往比白人与黑人之间的基因差异还要大。

奇怪的是，我们并不用“色”眼看待宠物，黑猫黑狗一样招人喜欢，却“色”眼看人，实在不可理喻。

其实，皮肤黑是有利于防止紫外线辐射的，是适应环境的一种表现。

博主：生活中类似的不可理喻的歧视太多了。比如，某些大学规定，只招聘本科就读于211、985高校的毕业生什么的。更加可笑的是，有些提出这些硬性要求的大学自身并非211、985高校，这就好比中国人（请注意是中国人，不是外国人）自己在公园门口挂个牌子：“华人与狗不得入内”。

此文可免费查到的开头部分如下：

RECEIVING the Nobel prize does not necessarily stop great scientists making foolish statements. William Shockley won a Nobel for his work on transistors, but nevertheless managed to spend the latter years of his career making racist comments and even writing about the mental inferiority of black Africans.

Last week, James Watson, co-recipient of a Nobel prize for the discovery of the structure of DNA, made blatantly racist comments regarding the supposed mental inferiority of black Africans. The response has been swift. His comments were widely condemned and he was suspended from his post at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. Unlike Shockley, Watson later apologised for his remarks.

But what of the research in this area? Does the condemnation of Watson's words stem from solid science or from political correctness?

One of the key issues in this area is the nature of intelligence, a topic I have studied together with race, with …

出处:

http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19626275.900-race-and-intelligence-not-a-case-of-black-and-white.html.