中国生态文明建设（中英对照）连载之二十八

循环经济法出台

本书由北京语言大学出版社出版，2014（教学课件光盘版） 作者 蒋高明

3.2.4循环经济法出台

3.2.4 Promulgation of the Circular Economy Promotion Law

循环经济并不是不发展经济，相反，利润空间还更大。循环经济是负责任的现代企业都遵守的原则。在德国，奔驰牌汽车的所有产品，废弃后全部由厂家负责回收更换，旧轮胎可以以旧换新，坏的发动机可以回厂更换，就是汽车解体，厂家也要负责回收。这是一种对环境负责到底的做法。这样的做法，在发达国家形成了惯例，同时法律对他们也有约束。著名企业不会因环保违法，透支他们的信誉。在中国，生态农场也属于循环经济。

The circular economy does not mean discontinuation of expanding and developing. On the contrary, the profit margins are large. A circular economy involves a principle that responsible modern corporations should follow. In Germany, all Benz products are recycled by the producer when it is time for them to be discarded. Used tires can be traded in for new ones, broken engines can be taken back to the factory for refurbishment, and even if the car is dismantled, the factory will be responsible for its recycling. This is what is meant by being responsible for the environment. This kind of practice has become a convention in developed countries, and is even included in the law. Famous corporations are careful not to damage their reputation by violating the environment law. In China, an ecological farm is a kind of circular economy.

国内外的实践证明，发展循环经济意义重大：一是为经济发展开辟新的资源，二是有效减少污染物排放，三是有利于提高经济效益。过去单纯抓环境保护，由于成本高，受到不少企业和地方政府的消极对待。用循环经济的办法，把资源节约、环境保护和经济效益有机地结合了起来，是一种根治环境问题的办法。

Practice at home and abroad proves that it is highly meaningful to develop a circular economy. First, it exploits new resources for economic development; second, it effectively reduces the release of pollutants; and third, it can improve the economic benefits. In the past, due to the high cost, the environmental protection by itself received negative treatment from a lot of corporations and local governments. The circular economy, which effectively combines resource conservation, environmental protection and economic benefits, is a good way to resolve environmental problems.

2007年8月27日，十届全国人大常委会第二十九次会议对全国人大环资委提请审议的《中华人民共和国循环经济法》（草案）进行了初审；2008年8月30日，十一届全国人大常委会第四次会议在人民大会堂举行最后一次全体会议，表决通过上述法律；2009年1月1日，《循环经济法》正式实施。

On 27th, August, 2007, the 29^th Session of the 10^th National People’s Congress Standing Committee undertook the initial examination of the Recycling Economy Law of the PRC (draft for discussion) proposed by the NPC’s Environmental and Resources Protection Committee. On 30^th, August, 2008, the 4^th Session of the 11^th NPC Standing Committee held its last plenary meeting in the Great Hall of the People to approve this law. On 1^st, January, 2009, the Circular Economy Promotion Law of the PRC came in force.

《循环经济法》实施后，循环经济的理念进一步深入人心，并且对各地经济发展起到了指导作用。以大连市为例，具有区域产业发展龙头地位的产业聚集区，开始由单纯的“招商引资”向“招商择资”转变，要求进入产业聚集区的企业都要制定循环经济发展规划，包括产业定位、产业链选择、能量梯级利用、土地集约利用、水资源分类利用、再利用及再生利用，以及企业共同使用的基础设施规划等。除此之外，重点引进有利于产业聚集区废物交换利用和能量梯级利用的企业，促进产业聚集区形成更完善的物质能量循环。在广大的农村，要求县级政府建立农用废旧物资回收利用体系，合理利用秸秆资源；要求畜禽养殖小区建立畜禽粪污无害化和资源化处理设施，等等。

Since then the concept of circular economy has taken root in the public and begun to orient the economic development in many areas. We here take Dalian City as an example. The concentrated area of industry which takes the lead in regional industrial development has turned from “inviting investment” to “selecting investment”, requiring that corporate entrants should formulate circular economic development plans, including industry positioning, selection of industrial chain, energy cascade utilization, intensive land use, water use classification, reuse and recycling, and infrastructure shared by several corporations. What’s more, corporations that can help in the exchange and reuse of wastes and energy cascade utilization in the concentrated area are given preference to promote formation of a broader overall material and energy cycling system. In the vast countryside, it is required that a county government should establish a recycling system for agricultural waste materials, make reasonable use of straws, and build processing facilities to deal with the manure from the livestock farming community and turn it into a harmless and useful resource, etc.