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先请看Wikipedia，The Free Encyclopedia对College的解释：

College (Latin: collegium) is a term most often used today to denote degree awarding tertiary educational institution. More broadly, it can be the name of any group of colleagues, for example, an electoral college, a College of Arms or the College of Cardinals. Originally, it meant a group of persons living together, under a common set of rules (con- = "together" + leg- = "law" or lego = "I choose"); indeed, some colleges call their members "fellows". The precise usage of the term varies among the English-speaking countries. In the United States and Ireland, for example, the terms "college" and "university" may be regarded as loosely interchangeable, whereas in the United Kingdom, Australia and other Commonwealth countries, a "college" is usually an institution between school and university level (although constituent schools within universities are also known as "colleges").

再来看Wikipedia，The Free Encyclopedia对School的解释：

A school (from Greek σχολ? (scholē), originally meaning "leisure", and also "that in which leisure is employed", "school"),^[1] is an institution designed to allow and encourage students (or "pupils") to learn, under the supervision of teachers. Most countries have systems of formal education, which is commonly compulsory. In these systems, students progress through a series of schools. The names for these schools vary by country (discussed in the Regional section below), but generally include primary school for young children and secondary school for teenagers who have completed primary education.

In addition to these core schools, students in a given country may also have access to and attend schools both before and after primary and secondary education. Kindergarten or pre-school provide some schooling to very young children (typically ages 3-5). University, vocational school, college or seminary may be available after (or in lieu of) secondary school. A school may also be dedicated to one particular field, such as a school of economics or a school of dance. Alternative schools may provide nontraditional curriculum and methods.

There are also non-government schools, called private schools. Private schools may be for children with special needs when the government does not supply for them; religious, such as Christian Schools, Khalsa Schools, Torah Schools and others; or schools that have a higher standard of education or seek to foster other personal achievements. Schools for adults include institutions of corporate training and Military education and training.

In homeschooling and online schools, teaching and learning take place outside of a traditional school building.

目前，在国内的许多大学（University）中，都设有各类学院。这些学院，一般都实行相对独立的二级行政管理，大多用College一词，但也有一些采用School一词的，到底采用哪个合适呢？美国著名的Harvard University (http://www.harvard.edu/ )旗下所设学院都是用的School一词。

此外，国内还有很多的学院，比如“中国计量学院”，旗下还设有各种各样的二级“学院”，大概都用College一词，感觉非常混乱，也很别扭。在讲到这些二级学院时，要称其为“某某学院某某学院”，是不是很拗？就象国内目前的一些行政区划，称“某某市某某市”，比如“杭州市临安市”、“绍兴市诸暨市”，实在太别扭了。

建议对于学院下面的学院，英文表达还是用School比较好；或者就只设传统的系(Department)，如果只涉及一个一级学科的话。要不然，干脆把国内所有的学院统统直接升格为大学，这样大学与学院的表面关系也就理顺了，那些挖空心思想升格为大学的学院们也踏实了。

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