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烧烤食品会致癌吗?
Does burned food give you cancer?
Health
Low oxygen, high risk: How tumors adapt to become more aggressive
One of the many reasons tumors are so difficult to treat is that they are able to adapt whenever they are exposed to unfavorable conditions. Hypoxia, or a lack of oxygen, is one example of a phenomenon that should weaken the tumor, but instead, the malignant cells are able to compensate and drive more aggressive disease behavior. Now, scientists at The Wistar Institute have identified a novel mechanism that selectively operates in hypoxic tumors to enable tumor cells to thrive and continue to proliferate despite a low oxygen environment. Dario C. Altieri, M.D., Wistar's President and CEO and lead author of the study, and colleagues showed how the activation of this pathway leads to an unfavorable
Medicalxpress.Com
Toxic peptide payload can be delivered exclusively to cancer cells
A drug that can kill cancer cells while leaving normal cells unharmed may be within our grasp thanks to research from A*STAR, although the approach is still several years away from clinical trials. The discovery began when Sheng-Hao Chao's team at the A*STAR Bioprocessing Technology Institute realized that a segment of the hexamethylene bisacetamide-inducible protein 1 (HEXIM1) they were studying, known as the basic region (BR) peptide, was similar to a key region of the tumor-suppressing protein p53. Activation of p53 in damaged cells either leads to recovery of the cell via DNA repair or initiation of a cell-death process known as apoptosis. Since HEXIM1 was known to interact with p53 and other
Medicalxpress.Com
Health
Anticancer drug discovery: Structures of KDM5 histone demethylase inhibitors
When doctors hurl toxic death at cancer cells, often a few will survive and come back. A family of enzymes called KDM5 histone demethylases is emerging as important for this resilience, and drugs that inhibit KDM5 enzymes could be active in treating several types of cancer. A team of investigators from Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Yale, and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health have obtained detailed structural information, showing how inhibitors of the KDM5 family interact with their targets. Their findings, scheduled for publication in Cell Chemical Biology, could inform efforts to design more
Medicalxpress.Com
Science
Cell death: How a protein drives immune cells to suicide
Atomic force microscopy image of the pore. The best hiding place often lies behind enemy lines, as many bacteria such as the pathogens responsible for tuberculosis or typhoid have realized. They invade immune cells and can survive there, well hidden, for some time. To eliminate such invaders, the host macrophages can initiate a suicide program. Together with researchers at the Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research and ETH Zurich, the team led by Prof. Sebastian Hiller from the Biozentrum at the University of Basel has shown for the first time that a "death protein" perforates the cell membrane, resulting in macrophage bursting open. The re-exposed pathogens can then again be fought by the
Biologynews.Net
Science
Open chromatin profiling key to identifying leukemia cells of origin
Every cancer starts with a single cell, and Jackson Laboratory (JAX) researchers have found a precise and reliable way -- whole-genome profiling of open chromatin -- to identify the kind of cell that leads to a given case of leukemia, a valuable key to cancer prognosis and outcome. "Knowing the cell of origin of cancer cells can provide insight into tumor subtypes and possibly diagnostic and therapeutic benefit," says JAX Assistant Professor Jennifer Trowbridge, Ph.D., the lead author of the study published on July 11 in Nature Communications. "But existing methods to identify cell of origin from bulk tumor cell samples have been unsuccessful." Chromatin is the material in the nucleus of the
Biologynews.Net
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