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SBI-0206965(AbMole,M2238)是一种ULK1/2的选择性抑制剂,后续研究发现其对AMP激活蛋白激酶(AMPK)亦具有显著抑制作用,其对AMPK的抑制效力接近Compound C(Dorsomorphin,一种可逆的AMPK选择性抑制剂),生化表征表明SBI-0206965(CAS No.:1219168-18-9)为功能混合型抑制剂(既能结合游离蛋白也能结合蛋白-底物复合物,导致蛋白的催化活性受到抑制),其与AMPK激酶结构域形成的共晶结构显示该分子以IIb型抑制剂方式结合于ATP结合口袋的部分区域。在细胞实验中,SBI-0206965(AbMole,M2238)可剂量依赖性地抑制AMPK激活剂(如AICAR)诱导的ACC Ser212及ULK1 Ser555位点的磷酸化,并在肝细胞中以25 μM的浓度有效阻断AMPK信号通路及脂质合成[1, 2];在骨骼肌C2C12分化成肌管中,相同浓度范围亦可抑制AMPK信号,但同时表现出对胰岛素信号通路的非特异性干扰[1, 2]。
在多种癌细胞系中,SBI-0206965展现出显著的生物学效应:在胃癌KATOIII和SNU-5细胞中,其GI₅₀分别为490.70 nM和615.14 nM,并可诱导G₀/G₁期细胞积累及早晚期凋亡[3]。在肾透明细胞癌(ccRCC)细胞中,SBI-0206965通过抑制ULK1激酶活性阻断自噬及戊糖磷酸通路通量,从而触发细胞凋亡[4]。此外,在PEDV病毒感染的细胞模型中,SBI-0206965(CAS No.:1219168-18-9)可抑制ULK1活性,进而抑制病毒诱导的自噬及病毒复制[5]。SBI-0206965在神经母细胞瘤SK-N-AS等肿瘤球模型(一种模拟3D微环境的肿瘤模型)中,可削弱球体生长与迁移能力;在TNF处理的成肌细胞中,SBI-0206965(AbMole,M2238)可部分恢复受损肌生成过程,提示其在调控线粒体ROS依赖性自噬中的作用[6]。在动物实验方面,SBI-0206965在大鼠和C57BL/6小鼠中经口服给药后迅速吸收,小鼠血浆和脑细胞外液的达峰时间在0.25–0.65 h内,脑组织分布系数约为0.6–0.9,表明其具备良好的脑穿透能力[7]。SBI-0206965在裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型(肾透明细胞癌ccRCC)中,给药后可显著抑制裸鼠体内的肿瘤生长并诱导凋亡[4]。
参考文献及鸣谢
[1] Ahwazi, D.; Neopane, K.; Markby, G. R.; et al. Investigation of the specificity and mechanism of action of the ULK1/AMPK inhibitor SBI-0206965. The Biochemical journal 2021, 478 (15), 2977-2997.
[2] Knudsen, J. R.; Madsen, A. B.; Persson, K. W.; et al. The ULK1/2 and AMPK Inhibitor SBI-0206965 Blocks AICAR and Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Transport. International journal of molecular sciences 2020, 21 (7).
[3] Alghamdi, M. A.; Deshpande, H. Dual Targeting of MEK1 and Akt Kinase Identified SBL-027 as a Promising Lead Candidate to Control Cell Proliferations in Gastric Cancer. Biotechnology and applied biochemistry 2025, 72 (4), 1006-1017.
[4] Lu, J.; Zhu, L.; Zheng, L. P.; et al. Overexpression of ULK1 Represents a Potential Diagnostic Marker for Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma and the Antitumor Effects of SBI-0206965. EBioMedicine 2018, 34, 85-93.
[5] Wang, J.; Kan, X.; Li, X.; et al. Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) infection activates AMPK and JNK through TAK1 to induce autophagy and enhance virus replication. Virulence 2022, 13 (1), 1697-1712.
[6] Chernyavskij, D. A.; Pletjushkina, O. Y.; Kashtanova, A. V.; et al. Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Mitophagy Activation Contribute to TNF-Dependent Impairment of Myogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 2023, 12 (3).
[7] Desai, J. M.; Karve, A. S.; Gudelsky, G. A.; et al. Brain pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the AMP-activated protein kinase selective inhibitor SBI-0206965, an investigational agent for the treatment of glioblastoma. Investigational new drugs 2022, 40 (5), 944-952.
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