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毕业生得诺奖最多的高中：尽在纽约？！

已有 6314 次阅读 2013-1-27 07:46 |个人分类:生活点滴|系统分类:海外观察| 中国, 高中, 毕业生, 诺奖, 纽约

全球毕业生得诺奖最多的高中排行榜　如下表。

第一名是美国纽约市的 Bronx科学高中，共培养了7名诺奖得主。

第二名是纽约市区的Stuyvesant 高中，共培养了4名诺奖得主。

第三名共有7所高中并列，每所高中都培养了3名诺奖得主，其中纽约市就占4所。

Affiliations

School

Laureate

Field

Year of Award

Class of

University

7

Bronx High School of Science

（Bronx, NY）

Leon N. Cooper

Physics

1972

1947

Brown University

Sheldon Glashow ^[1]

Physics

1979

1950

Columbia University

Steven Weinberg

Physics

1979

1950

Cornell University

Melvin Schwartz ^[2]

Physics

1988

1949

University of Texas at Austin

Russell Hulse ^[3]

Physics

1993

1966

Princeton University

H. David Politzer

Physics

2004

1966

California Institute of Technology

Roy Glauber ^[4]

Physics

2005

1941

Harvard University

4

Stuyvesant High School(NY, NY)

Joshua Lederberg ^[5]

Medicine

1958

1941

Rockefeller University

Roald Hoffmann ^[6]

Chemistry

1981

1954

Cornell University

Robert Fogel ^[7]

Economics

1993

1944

Cornell University

Richard Axel ^[8]

Medicine

2004

1963

Columbia University

3

Abraham Lincoln High School (Brooklyn, NY)

Arthur Kornberg

Medicine

1959

1933

Stanford University

Paul Berg

Chemistry

1980

1943

Stanford University

Jerome Karle

Chemistry

1985

1933

City College of New York

3

Townsend Harris High School (Queens, NY)

Herbert Hauptman

Chemistry

1985

1933

City College of New York

Julian Schwinger

Physics

1965

1933

City College of New York

Kenneth Arrow

Economics

1972

1936

City College of New York

3

James Madison High School (Brooklyn, NY)

Stanley Cohen

Medicine

1986

1939

Vanderbilt University

Robert Solow

Economics

1987

1940

MIT

Gary Becker

Economics

1992

1947

University of Chicago

3

Far Rockaway High School (Queens, NY)

Richard Feynman

Physics

1965

1935

California Institute of Technology

Baruch Blumberg

Medicine

1976

1942

University of Pennsylvania

Burton Richter

Physics

1976

1948

Stanford University

3

St Peter's College, Adelaide, Australia

William Lawrence Bragg ^[9]

Physics

1915

1903

University of Adelaide

Howard Walter Florey ^[10]

Medicine

1945

1916

The Queen's College, Oxford

J. Robin Warren ^[11]

Medicine

2005

?

University of Adelaide

3

University Laboratory High School of Urbana, Illinois, USA

Philip W. Anderson

Physics

1977

1940

Harvard University

Hamilton O. Smith

Medicine

1978

1948

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

James Tobin

Economics

1981

1935

Harvard University

3

Westminster School, London

Edgar Adrian

Medicine

1932

University of Cambridge

Andrew Huxley

Medicine

1963

University of Cambridge

Richard Stone

Economics

1984

University of Cambridge

2

Brookllyn Technical High School

(Brookllyn, NY)

Arno Penzias

Physics

1978

1947

City College of New York

George Wald

Biology

1987

1922

Harvard University

2

Erasmus Hall High School

(Brooklyn, NY)

Barbara McClintock ^[12]

Medicine or Physiology

1983

1919

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Eric Kandel ^[13]

Medicine or Physiology

2000

1944

Columbia University

2

Hebrew University Secondary School, Israel

Daniel Kahneman

Economics

2002

1951

Princeton University

David Gross

Physics

2004

1959

University of California, Santa Barbara

2

Malvern College (UK)

Francis Aston

Chemistry

1922

University of Cambridge

James Meade

Economic Sciences

1977

University of Oxford

2

Niles East High School (Skokie, Illinois)

H. Robert Horvitz

Medicine or Physiology

2002

1964

MIT

Martin Chalfie

Chemistry

2008

1965

Columbia University

2

The Perse School, UK

George Paget Thomson

Physics

1937

?

University of Cambridge

Ronald G. W. Norrish

Chemistry

1967

?

University of Cambridge

2

St Columb's College, Derry, Northern Ireland

Seamus Heaney

Literature

1995

1957

Queen's University of Belfast

John Hume

Peace

1998

1955

St. Patrick's College, Maynooth, Ireland

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　上述排行榜中，美国纽约市占据了前三名，而且在9所培养了3名或3名以上诺奖得主的高中中，共占了6所，即总数的2/3。这样的城市在全世界是绝无仅有的，这种现象的出现也决不是偶然的。对于急切地期望实现诺奖零的突破的中国，应当好好研究、学习、借鉴纽约市的成功经验。

美国纽约的 Bronx科学高中于1938年建立，是全球培养诺奖得主最多的高中，共培养了7名诺奖得主，而且得的是清一色的物理学奖。美国物理学会把这所高中列为学会的16个传奇地点之一。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　这所高中出来的诺贝尔物理学奖得主说，他们的物理学习主要来自课堂外的学习，这里聚集了一批出类拔萃的学生，从同学中学到的比课本上学到的更多。诺贝尔物理奖得主Schwartz说，正是同学间的讨论激发了他对物理的兴趣。物理奖得主Glashow和Weinberg印象最深刻的是他们在高中参加的“科幻小说俱乐部”，俱乐部成员围绕着实验桌讨论物理。名师也起着独特的作用，教学模式给学生提供了较多自主学习、自主创造和研究的空间，有利于培养学生的创造力。学生从导师那里获得的东西中，最重要的是‘思维风格’，而不是知识或技能。

诺贝尔科学奖已走过一百多年历史。中国要实现诺奖零的突破，不能靠朝夕之功，而要靠举国上下长期坚持不懈地共同奋斗。要改变陈腐的教育观念，更充分地发挥学生的积极性和创造性；国家和社会要更加不遗余力地扶持各大学和研究所的研究工作，为科研人员营造一个良好的学术氛围，制定更合理的人才机制。

　　

（参考资料来源：http://www.thefullwiki.org/Nobel_Prize_laureates_by_secondary_school_affiliation　）

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Affiliations	School	Laureate	Field	Year of Award	Class of	University
7	Bronx High School of Science （Bronx, NY）	Leon N. Cooper	Physics	1972	1947	Brown University
		Sheldon Glashow ^[1]	Physics	1979	1950	Columbia University
		Steven Weinberg	Physics	1979	1950	Cornell University
		Melvin Schwartz ^[2]	Physics	1988	1949	University of Texas at Austin
		Russell Hulse ^[3]	Physics	1993	1966	Princeton University
		H. David Politzer	Physics	2004	1966	California Institute of Technology
		Roy Glauber ^[4]	Physics	2005	1941	Harvard University
4	Stuyvesant High School(NY, NY)	Joshua Lederberg ^[5]	Medicine	1958	1941	Rockefeller University
		Roald Hoffmann ^[6]	Chemistry	1981	1954	Cornell University
		Robert Fogel ^[7]	Economics	1993	1944	Cornell University
		Richard Axel ^[8]	Medicine	2004	1963	Columbia University
3	Abraham Lincoln High School (Brooklyn, NY)	Arthur Kornberg	Medicine	1959	1933	Stanford University
		Paul Berg	Chemistry	1980	1943	Stanford University
		Jerome Karle	Chemistry	1985	1933	City College of New York
3	Townsend Harris High School (Queens, NY)	Herbert Hauptman	Chemistry	1985	1933	City College of New York
		Julian Schwinger	Physics	1965	1933	City College of New York
		Kenneth Arrow	Economics	1972	1936	City College of New York
3	James Madison High School (Brooklyn, NY)	Stanley Cohen	Medicine	1986	1939	Vanderbilt University
		Robert Solow	Economics	1987	1940	MIT
		Gary Becker	Economics	1992	1947	University of Chicago
3	Far Rockaway High School (Queens, NY)	Richard Feynman	Physics	1965	1935	California Institute of Technology
		Baruch Blumberg	Medicine	1976	1942	University of Pennsylvania
		Burton Richter	Physics	1976	1948	Stanford University
3	St Peter's College, Adelaide, Australia	William Lawrence Bragg ^[9]	Physics	1915	1903	University of Adelaide
		Howard Walter Florey ^[10]	Medicine	1945	1916	The Queen's College, Oxford
		J. Robin Warren ^[11]	Medicine	2005	?	University of Adelaide
3	University Laboratory High School of Urbana, Illinois, USA	Philip W. Anderson	Physics	1977	1940	Harvard University
		Hamilton O. Smith	Medicine	1978	1948	University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
		James Tobin	Economics	1981	1935	Harvard University
3	Westminster School, London	Edgar Adrian	Medicine	1932		University of Cambridge
		Andrew Huxley	Medicine	1963		University of Cambridge
		Richard Stone	Economics	1984		University of Cambridge
2	Brookllyn Technical High School (Brookllyn, NY)	Arno Penzias	Physics	1978	1947	City College of New York
2	Brookllyn Technical High School (Brookllyn, NY)	George Wald	Biology	1987	1922	Harvard University
2	Erasmus Hall High School (Brooklyn, NY)	Barbara McClintock ^[12]	Medicine or Physiology	1983	1919	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
2	Erasmus Hall High School (Brooklyn, NY)	Eric Kandel ^[13]	Medicine or Physiology	2000	1944	Columbia University
2	Hebrew University Secondary School, Israel	Daniel Kahneman	Economics	2002	1951	Princeton University
2	Hebrew University Secondary School, Israel	David Gross	Physics	2004	1959	University of California, Santa Barbara
2	Malvern College (UK)	Francis Aston	Chemistry	1922		University of Cambridge
2	Malvern College (UK)	James Meade	Economic Sciences	1977		University of Oxford
2	Niles East High School (Skokie, Illinois)	H. Robert Horvitz	Medicine or Physiology	2002	1964	MIT
2	Niles East High School (Skokie, Illinois)	Martin Chalfie	Chemistry	2008	1965	Columbia University
2	The Perse School, UK	George Paget Thomson	Physics	1937	?	University of Cambridge
2	The Perse School, UK	Ronald G. W. Norrish	Chemistry	1967	?	University of Cambridge
2	St Columb's College, Derry, Northern Ireland	Seamus Heaney	Literature	1995	1957	Queen's University of Belfast
2	St Columb's College, Derry, Northern Ireland	John Hume	Peace	1998	1955	St. Patrick's College, Maynooth, Ireland

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