Xyloglucan evolution and the terrestrialization of green plants

First author: Luiz‐Eduardo Del‐Bem; Affiliations: Universidade Federal da Bahia (巴伊亚州联邦大学): Salvador‐BA, Brazil

Corresponding author: Luiz‐Eduardo Del‐Bem

Xyloglucan (XyG; 木葡聚糖) is the major noncellulosic (非纤维素) nonpectic (非果胶) matrix polysaccharide (基质多聚糖) in cell walls of most land plants. Initially thought to be restricted to land plants, the last decade has seen the detection of XyG and the discovery of synthesis and modification/degradation genes, in charophycean green algae (CGA; 轮藻类绿藻). Recently, a totally new function of XyG was discovered as a potent soil aggregator released by roots and rhizoids (假根) of all major groups of land plants. In this Viewpoint, I show the presence of a complex XyG genetic machinery in most CGA groups. I discuss the context of XyG evolution in light of the terrestrialization of early CGA that gave rise to embryophytes (有胚植物) and its possible role in early soil formation.

木葡聚糖XyG是几乎所有陆地植物细胞壁中的主要非纤维素、非果胶的基质多聚糖。原先，多认为XyG局限于陆地植物中，当近数十年的研究显示在轮藻类绿藻CGA中也检测到了XyG的存在，并鉴定了一些与XyG合成、修饰及降解相关的基因。最近，有研究发现由陆地植物的根和假根所释放的XyG发挥着十分有效的聚集土壤的作用。在本视点文章中，作者揭示了在大多数的CGA物种中存在非常复杂的XyG遗传机制。作者讨论了XyG的演化对于早期的CGA陆地化的作用，最终导致了陆地有胚植物的增加，同时其对于早期陆地土壤形成的作用。

doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15191

Journal: New Physiologist

First Published: 31 May, 2018

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