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加州笔记之三十 碳管复合材料的前景
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读到一个新闻，其实就是一个公司的枪手广告，不过里面游戏信息可以拾取。该公司大概在研发碳纳米管在聚合物及金属复合材料中的应用，特别强调了风力发电机桨片。中国准备在内陆和沿海大力发展风力发电，如果能提高桨片的剪切强度和弯曲强度，那么就能够加大臂长，提高风能利用率。碳纳米管复合材料如果能够很好地控制工艺流程，还是比较有希望挤入这个巨大的市场。
另外一方面，碳纳米管和金属复合一直是一个梦想，金属成型比陶瓷需要更温和的温度，所以能够保护碳纳米管的结构和强度。这个公司提带指出碳纳米管能够有效增强金属铝的强度，达到钢的强度，这是很好地结果，对于军事和民用轻型高比强材料的应用有巨大的潜力。但是一个很大的问题是金属如何和碳纳米管均匀分散：金属颗粒密度大，表面没有基团，在一般溶剂中无法形成悬浮液或者胶体。物理性质和化学性质的不同直接导致了碳纳米管在这个材料领域的应用，而对于陶瓷和有机聚合物来说解决的手段已经比较成熟。如果检索有关文献，金属科学研究者普遍采用了球磨的方法。这种方法具有原始粗旷的美，然而碳纳米管不可避免地被扭曲，剪切，弯折，摩擦，导致结构巨大的破坏。
最近我和朋友无意发现了一个简单方法，通过对金属表面适当地处理，居然成功获得碳纳米管的复合粉体。有很多细节工作还需要做，偏巧院里电镜出问题，相当于抛了一盆凉水。
晚上散步遇到一对台湾夫妇，说他们老大9个月就站起来走路，后来发现长大了平衡能力不够。到医院一问，医生直接说：是不是小时候爬的时间短？爱因斯坦好像小时候说话较晚，是不是和高智商有关？
| Bayer MaterialScience Showcases Its Baytubes Carbon Nanotubes at Rusnanotech '09 | |
| (Nanowerk News) The extraordinary properties of Baytubes® carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have sparked new and highly promising lightweight design concepts that improve both energy efficiency and mechanical strength. | |
| Such concepts are the focus of Bayer MaterialScience AG’s presentation at the RusNanoTech trade show at the German stand, Pavilion 3, at Moscow’s Expocentre from October 6 to 8, 2009. This is the second time the company has showcased technical innovations based on Baytubes® carbon nanotubes at this major forum in Russia. | |
| Possible CNT applications are far from limited to lightweight designs, however. "CNTs are also suitable for many different applications, for example in mechanical engineering and the chemical, electrical and electronics, and sports goods industries," observes Dr. Raul Pires, who is in charge of global activities for nanotubes and nanotechnology products at Bayer MaterialScience, in a presentation at the accompanying conference on October 8. | |
| One prime example of enhanced energy efficiency is the use of Baytubes® in wind turbines. The length of rotor blades was previously limited to around 60 meters in order to ensure reliable operation even in very windy conditions. "The nanotubes’ enormous strength makes the rotor blades very stiff, which also enables longer blades to be designed," explains Dr. Pires. What’s more, the lightweight design of the nanotubes - and thus of the hybrid materials in which they are incorporated - boosts the efficiency of the wind-to-power conversion process. | |
| Baytubes® do not just improve the properties of plastics and other polymer materials, however. CNT additives can also make metals much harder. "For example, adding Baytubes® to aluminum processed using powder metallurgy enables tensile strengths to be achieved that almost match those of steel. Previously, it has only been possible to assign mechanical properties of this kind to aluminum by adding rare and expensive metals in a complex alloying process," explains Professor Dr. Horst Adams, vice president future materials at Bayer MaterialScience. | |
| The impact strength and thermal conductivity of aluminum can also be improved by adding nanotubes. This enables the weight of components to be reduced still further, which increases their energy efficiency, for example in the automotive and aircraft industries. Bayer MaterialScience is working with Zoz GmbH on the development of customized CNT-reinforced aluminum materials. This German company headquartered in Wenden is a global supplier of innovative systems and equipment, in particular for the manufacture of nanostructured materials. It has extensive experience in areas such as the high-energy grinding and mechanical alloying of these materials. | |
| Thanks to the development of an innovative, in-house production process, Bayer MaterialScience is one of the few companies in the world capable of producing carbon nanotubes of the required purity on an industrial scale. As early as 2007, the company started operations at a pilot plant in Laufenburg, Germany, that can produce 60 metric tons/year. An additional pilot facility with an annual capacity of 200 metric tons is currently under construction at CHEMPARK Leverkusen. | |
| About Bayer MaterialScience | |
| With 2008 sales of EUR 9.7 billion, Bayer MaterialScience is among the world’s largest polymer companies. Business activities are focused on the manufacture of high-tech polymer materials and the development of innovative solutions for products used in many areas of daily life. The main segments served are the automotive, electrical and electronics, construction and the sports and leisure industries. At the end of 2008, Bayer MaterialScience had 30 production sites and employed approximately 15,100 people around the globe. Bayer MaterialScience is a Bayer Group company. |
https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-2317-260699.html
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