Van Andel等人(1975)在分析了太平洋所有不整合之后提出,德雷克通道的打通可能形成了环极流,并隔断了对南极洲的向极热输送,因而产生了冰架和冷的底水。对第三纪早期普遍变冷起作用的明显构造事件是巴拿马地峡的封闭,因而限制了大西洋与太平洋之间赤道水体的交换[6]。同理,德雷克海峡被扩展的南极冰盖封闭,导致气候上隔离的环极西风漂流带的消失,加强赤道热流向两极的输送,使扩展冰盖趋于消失,是南极冰盖不能扩展成南半球大冰川的一个重要原因[2-4]。
图3. 全球气候的三个海冰启动开关示意图
Fig.3 Sketch map of three sea-ices switches for global climate
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