最近由于要写点东西，搜了一下美国政策专家保罗•萨巴蒂尔教授的文章，不经意间看了一下这位老先生的简历，主要关注他的学术产出、申报的科研项目以及获奖等，不由得想到其实所有人的生活都是相似的，内心颇有些感慨，还是先看看人家学术上的投入-产出吧？

保罗•萨巴蒂尔（Paul A. Sabatier ，1944-）是美国政策科学教授,现供职于加州大学戴维斯分校的环境科学与政策系。

这老先生1974年从芝加哥大学政治科学系获得博士学位（Ph.D. University of Chicago, Department of Political Science, 1971-74）；1972年开始到加州大学戴维斯分校工作（Division of Environmental Studies, University of California, Davis），从事政策研究的教学与科研工作，到如今已经整整50年了。这五十年萨巴蒂尔教授取得的学术成就还是很棒的，不妨看看下面的数据：

1、发表记录（截至2000年左右）：

发表了56篇文章，包括研究报告。

发表了12篇书评。

出版了6本著作。

2、科研项目（RESEARCH GRANTS）：

1) July 1974-June 1975: $20,000 from the CASE Council at U.C. Davis (with T. Foin and S.

Schwartz) on "Environmental Planning on the Northern California Coast."

2) March 1977-January 1978: $l5,000 from the Kellogg Foundation and the Institute for

Governmental Affairs,U.C. Davis, on "Improving the Use of Scientific Information by the

California Legislature."

3) July 1977-December 1978: $l43,000 from NSF-RANN (with Daniel Mazmanian) on

"Implementation of State Land Use Policy."

4) July 1978-March 1979: Supplemental grant of $39,000 from NSF-RANN (with Daniel

Mazmanian) on "Implementation of State Land Use Policy."

5) September 1979-June 1980: $3,500 from the Institute of European Environmental Policy on

"Coastal Zone Planning in France, the U.K., and the Netherlands."

6) September 1979-June 1980: $12,000 NATO Postdoctoral Fellowship in Science.

7) July 1982-June 1984: $12,000 in Seed grants from Institute of Governmental Affairs, U.C. Davis,

to study land use and water quality at Lake Tahoe;

8) July 1984-December 1985: $69,800 from N.S.F. on "Legal and Political Mechanisms of External

Control: Their Role in an Advocacy Coalition Model of Agency Policy-Making over Time."

9) January 1985-December 1985: $l0,000 from the Lincoln Institute for Land Policy, Cambridge,

Mass., to study "Possible Counterproductive Effects of Environmental Controls in the Lake

Tahoe Basin, 1960-79."

10) July 1985-June 1986: $20,000 from the U.C. Water Resources Center on "The Effect of

Scientific Information on Environmental Policy-Making at Lake Tahoe, 1960-84."

11) April 1986-June 1987: $13,000 from the PSRDP, UC Davis, on "Land Development at Lake

Tahoe."

12) July 1988-July 1989 (with John Loomis): $13,700 from PSRDP, UC Davis, on "An Evaluation

of Competing Hypotheses in National Forest Planning."

13) March 1990-June 1991 (with John Loomis): $6500 from the California Department of Forestry,

"US Forest Service NFMA Planning in California.

14) July 1992-June 1993: $19,000 from Dept. of Water Resources, "Longitudinal Analysis of Policy

Participants Regarding the SF Bay/Delta, 1984-91."

15) August 1993-July 1996: $51,732 + 40,649 from the University of California Transportation

Center, "Automotive Pollution Control in the U.S.: Multiple Lenses on Four Puzzles."

16) June 1995-June 1997: $158,226 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Coalition

Formation and Stability in Environmental Policy."

17) November 1996-September 2000 (with 7 Co-PIs) $1,292,627 from the U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency and NSF, “An Integrated Approach to Assessing Water Management

Options in Major Watersheds: Expanding a Hydrodynamic-Water Quality Model to Include

Biologic and Politico-Economic Components.”

18) October 1998-September 1999 (with Jim Quinn) $150,683 from NSF Program in Decision,

Risk, and Management Science (and U.S. EPA), “When Do Watershed Stakeholder

Negotiations Work:? A Multiple Lens Approach.”

19) January 1999-December 2000 (with Jim Quinn), $149,935 from EPA STAR Program,

“When Do Stakeholder Negotiations Work? A Multiple Lens Analysis of Watershed

Restoration in California and Washington.”

20) July 2000-June 2002 (with Jim Quinn), $199,558 from the David and Lucile Packard

Foundation, “When Do Watershed Partnerships Work?”

21) July 2001-June 2002 (with Mark Nechodom), $24,638 from the U.S. Forest Service,

“Institutional and Political Dispositions in the Lake Tahoe Basin.”

这21个项目合计获得科研经费2464548美元，其中最大的项目129万美元，最小的项目3500美元。由此可见，申请项目真是不容易啊！

下面对他的学术成就做一些简单的投入产出分析：

把一本书折合成5篇学术文章，书评就算一篇文章，那么合计下来，萨巴蒂尔约发表了98篇文章，考虑到他简历里的成果仅统计到2000年，那么合理推测，到2004年他60岁仍处于学术的成熟期，那就意味着他将仍然有不错的产出，前期产出约是2.5篇/年（1972-2000），那么根据趋势外推，到2004年就有10篇文章产出，那么到2014年70岁了，年纪大了产出降低，按照1.5篇/年，那么这段时间将产出15篇文章。到现在估计有130篇左右（封闭期间没有办法利用数据库检索），这也是不错的产出记录。

那么萨巴蒂尔教授的投入-出产数据是：投入（获得的科研项目）约250万美元，年均5万美元/年（到2022年他工作了50年）；产出130篇文章，年均2.6篇/年；篇均成本：19231元/篇。也就是说每产生一篇文章需要投入接近2万美元。可见科研成果是很昂贵的。

另外，这老先生曾获得两次专业奖。

1、Winner (with Dan Mazmanian) of the 1997 Aaron Wildavsky Award from the Public Policy

2、Section of the American Political Science Association for Enduring Contribution to Policy

Studies: D. Mazmanian and P. Sabatier, Implementation and Public Policy (Scott, Foresman, 1983).

总体看来下，萨巴蒂尔教授是一名中规中矩的学者，一生中教学、科研与社会服务一样都不少，从简历中看，萨巴蒂尔总共带了9名博士生、8名硕士与1名博士后，目测下来应该是很优秀的学者，但还没有达到大红大紫的程度，也许这就是绝大多数一直在努力的学者的一生写照。如果硬要排序的话，应该在美国教授的序列中占30%以内的位次（我凭感觉瞎猜的），这应该很不错了。反观一下，中国很多学者（同样是人文社科类）比他有钱，重大项目都能拿好几个，在顶刊上更是发文多多，获奖无数，但我却怎么也没有感觉到中国的人文社科因此就繁荣了？

说明：文中图片来自网络，没有任何商业目的，仅供欣赏，特此致谢！（萨巴蒂尔教授照片网上没有找到）

2022-5-12夜于南方临屏涂鸦，小区封闭第63天留念