劳工的历史经验:考古学对于中国铁路工人之跨学科研究的贡献

推荐Barbara L. Voss (芭芭拉‧沃斯)文  黄安年的博客/2017年10月8日发布

斯坦福大学副教授Barbara L. Voss (芭芭拉‧沃斯)参加了2014年9月8-9日在广州中山大学举行的“北美华工与广东侨乡社会”国际学术研讨会，并提交了论文提要，题为The Archaeology of  Chinese RailroadWorkers in North American(载“北美华工与广东侨乡社会”国际学术研讨会论文集，2014年9月，第52-56页)；正式发表在袁丁主编《北美华工与广东侨乡社会》一书中，题为Historical  Archaeologyand New Research on on Chinese Railroad Workers in North American 广东人民出版社2016年4月版第187-197页。在美国发表于Historical ArchaeologyMarch 2015, Volume 49, Issue 1, pp4–23，题为The Historical Experience of Labor: ArchaeologicalContributions to Interdisciplinary Research

笔者和李炬合著的《沉默道钉的足迹—纪念华工建设美国铁路》一书C探寻足迹部分，收入了Barbara L. Voss提供的美国铁路华工生活残片（见C69-C75，中国铁道出版社2015年9月版）

笔者以为美国考古学者参与了探寻美国铁路华工研究的行列，开展跨学科研究，还参加了在侨乡的铁路华工生活的探寻，是很值得赞扬的，而今我国侨乡的探寻美国铁路华工活动期待更多文物考古者的参与。在笔者看来，考古发掘需要事前做足功夫，在美国查阅所有文献遗存，包括地方报刊和历史协会收藏的资料，铁路沿线工地和营地、当年华工集聚区、墓地的准确定位；在侨乡包括尽可能地将方志、村志、家谱、墓地等文献和实物遗存及田野口述调查结合起来，以便事半功倍。

所附相关考古照片选自黄安年、李炬合著《沉默道钉的足迹》第150-151页。

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Historical Archaeology

March 2015, Volume 49, Issue 1, pp 4–23 | Cite as

The Historical Experience of Labor: ArchaeologicalContributions to Interdisciplinary Research on Chinese Railroad Workers

• Authors

• Authors and affiliations

• Barbara L. Voss (芭芭拉‧沃斯)

• Barbara L. Voss (芭芭拉‧沃斯)

• 1

1.       1.Departmentof AnthropologyStanford UniversityStanfordUSA

Article

First Online: 19 October2016

·       1Citations

Abstract

Since the1960s, archaeologists have studied the work camps of Chinese immigrant andChinese American laborers who built the railroads of the American West. The artifacts,sites, and landscapes provide a rich source of empirical information about thehistorical experiences of Chinese railroad workers. Especially in light of therarity of documents authored by the workers themselves, archaeology can providedirect evidence of habitation, culinary practices, health care, socialrelations, and economic networks. As archaeologists expand collaboration witheach other and with scholars in other fields, interpretations of archaeologicalresearch move beyond site-specific description into analyses that trace thechanging experiences of workers as they entered new environments and newlandscapes. The materiality of daily life at railroad work camps isinterconnected with the risks the workers endured and the wealth that theirlabor generated for railroad owners and investors.

劳工的历史经验: 考古学对于中国铁路工人之跨学科研究的贡献

Chouxiàng

自1960年代以来, 考古学家已经研究了修建美国西部铁路的中国移民与美国华裔劳工的劳工营。这些文物、现场以及景观为我们提供了有关中国铁路工人之历史经验的丰富实证材料。尤其在工人们自身书写的文件相对匮乏的情况下, 考古学能为他们的居住,饮食,健康,社会关系与经济网络提供直接的证据。随着考古学家拓展彼此协作,以及他们与其它学科学者之间合作, 考古学研究的诠释范围已经超出了对特定现场的描述: 如今, 我们已能够追踪分析工人们在进入新的环境与景观后所发生的经验变化。铁路劳工营的日常物质生活与工人们所承受的风险,以及他们为铁路拥有者和投资者所创造的财富,都是相互关联的。

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