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癌症之所以很难对付,是因为它经常复发。癌症复发的常见的理论是,癌细胞产生了“对治疗的内部抗性,”和超越药物的毒性作用。目前的一个研究小组提出了一个新的解释,是治疗导致癌症复发,这是身体对治疗的反应,使肿瘤更具侵略性并可能导致癌细胞扩散。
Treatment May Spark Cancer's Spread: Study -...
Treatment May Spark Cancer's Spread: Study
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Health
Do You Need Extra Screening For Breast Cancer? The Picture Is Blurry
Mammography can prevent deaths from breast cancer, but it's not a perfect test. It misses some cancers, especially in women with dense breast tissue, and flags abnormalities for follow-up tests that turn out to be benign, among other issues. So there's a lot of interest in additional tests that might make screening more accurate in women who have dense breasts. Many of those women may be wondering about extra screening after receiving notification letters saying that their mammogram was clean, but that their dense breasts put them at higher risk of cancer. But there is no clear path for those women, who make up about 45 percent of women ages 40 to 74. The goal with breast imaging technology is
NPR.Org
New Gene Test To Help Avoid Chemotherapy When Battling Breast Cancer
The Doctors TV
Woman Has Lived With Stage 4 Breast Cancer for 25 Years
Tribune
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Health
TUM scientists shed new light on metastases in the liver at early stage of pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic cancer is an exceptionally aggressive type of cancer. Frequently, metastases already start to grow in other organs, particularly often in the liver, before the original tumor was even detected. Scientists from the Technical University of Munich (TUM) have now discovered a molecular mechanism, which is responsible for the prominent susceptibility of the liver to metastases at such an early stage. While some forms of cancer are increasingly treatable, the prognosis for patients with pancreatic tumors remains poor. One of the reasons is that, compared with other tumors, they spread to other organs as metastases exceptionally early and efficiently. In well over half of the cases, these
News-Medical-Net
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Health
High response rate in phase I/II paediatric brain cancer trial
A high response rate with a single drug in a phase I/II trial of paediatric brain tumour has set the stage for combination therapy with higher response and lower toxicity, researchers reported at the ESMO 2016 Congress in Copenhagen. "The likelihood of curing a child with a low-grade glioma is very high," said lead author Dr Mark Kieran, Director, Paediatric Medical Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's, Boston, US. "In fact many children don't suffer lifelong from the tumour but rather from the cognitive damage and secondary malignancies caused by radiation therapy." He continued: "The development of drugs that target the specific causative mutation of the tumour and avoid long-term
Medicalxpress.Com
Health
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy prior to surgery is safe and feasible in early lung cancer
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy with the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab is safe and feasible prior to surgery for early lung cancer, researchers reported at the ESMO 2016 Congress in Copenhagen. "Until now nivolumab and the other anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 drug studies have only been reported in metastatic or advanced lung cancer," said lead author Dr Patrick Forde, Assistant Professor of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, US. "This was the first study of neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade in early stage lung cancer." The primary objective of the study was to see whether it was safe and feasible to administer neoadjuvant nivolumab to patients with early stage non-small-cell
Medicalxpress.Com
Researchers awarded grant to develop safer cancer therapies for children
News-Medical-Net
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Health
Why tumors evade immunotherapy
Immunotherapy is a new and highly promising form of treatment for cancer. In many patients, however, tumors recur after immunotherapy. In the latest issue of the Journal of Experimental Medicine, the members of a research team from the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, the Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin explain why some tumors recur and how this can be prevented. The findings will aid the selection of suitable targets for immunotherapy. One form of immunotherapy for cancer is T-cell receptor gene therapy. It involves removing T-cells (a type of immune cell) from the blood and altering them in the test tube
Medicalxpress.Com
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Researchers identify new strategy to selectively sensitize cancer cells to radiation therapy
News-Medical-Net
Researchers awarded grant to develop safer cancer therapies for children
News-Medical-Net
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Health
New device enables rapid identification of brain cancer type and tumor margin
Gliomas are tumors occurring in the brain or spinal cord. They are difficult to treat as they lack clear edges, which complicates full surgical removal. This leads to high levels of recurrence and mortality. However, previous findings have identified a particular mutation very common in gliomas but rare in other cancers and in normal tissue. Researchers centered at Nagoya University have now developed a micro-sized device that can determine whether a sample is positive for the mutation using only a small sample. This novel approach takes less than 15 minutes. This potentially allows surgeons to identify the specific type of brain tumor and delineate its margin, in real time during surgery, enabling
Medicalxpress.Com
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Health
MicroRNA specifically kills cancer cells with common mutation
Approximately 20 percent of all human cancers have mutations in a gene called KRAS. KRAS-mutant cancers are among the most difficult to treat, with poor survival and resistance to chemotherapy. Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center used microRNAs-small pieces of genetic material-to systematically inhibit thousands of other genes to find combinations that are specifically lethal to cancer cells driven by a KRAS mutation. The study, published October 3 in Cancer Research, provides new information about KRAS-driven cancers and offers a potential therapeutic target for their eradication. "For decades researchers have tried to directly inhibit
Medicalxpress.Com
Researchers identify receptor to slow breast cancer metastasis
Medicalxpress.Com
HDAC inhibitors show promise against cancer stem cells
Medicalxpress.Com
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Science
Alternative splicing of RNA shows potential as drug target for obesity, cancer
University of Kentucky College of Medicine Professor Stefan Stamm has identified a previously-unknown function of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs): regulating a fundamental cellular process called alternative splicing. His findings point to new ways to treat obesity and cancer. "Alternative splicing allows cells to make multiple proteins out of a single gene," Stamm explains. In alternative splicing, the molecule being spliced - a form of RNA known as precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) - is an intermediate species between the DNA template that contains the instructions to make a protein and the protein product that is ultimately generated by following those instructions. During this process, the
Medicalxpress.Com
Health
Bone marrow inflammation predicts leukemia risk
Cancer is generally thought to arise from genetic damage within individual cells, but recent evidence has suggested that abnormal signaling in the surrounding tissue also plays an important role. In a study published September 22 in Cell Stem Cell, researchers show that inflammatory signaling in the bone marrow tumor environment is a key driver of malignancy and predicts the development of leukemia in mice and humans. "This discovery sheds new light on the longstanding association between inflammation and cancer," says senior study author Marc Raaijmakers of the Erasmus MC Cancer Institute. "The elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying this concept opens the prospect of improved diagnosis
Medicalxpress.Com
Health
Quantitative Measurement of Cancer Cell Proliferation Using CellPlayer™ Kinetic Proliferation Assay
Introduction Cell proliferation assays are essential in developmental biology, drug safety research, and cancer therapeutic. More than 10.000 manuscripts in PubMed talk about the sustained signaling pathways that cause the progression of tumors. Most of these manuscripts have measurements on cell proliferation. In spite of this, there has been no, straightforward, direct, industrialized technique to quantify the cell proliferation as a continuous process and those available are mere end-points to measure the time-course. Most of the biochemical detection methods such as ATP or LDH detection are indirect and involve the use of tools that cannot be easily validated by morphological changes. This
News-Medical-Net
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