有些动词后面可跟动名词，有些可跟动词不定式，有些两者皆可；对于某些动词，名词或代词必须位于该动词与动词不定式之间。

• 动词+动名词：avoid, discuss, imagine,practice, recall, resist, suggest, tolerate

The authors avoided describing the problem in detail. / Dissectingrequires steady hands.

• 动词+动词不定式：agree, decide, want, ask,expect, have, offer, refuse, claim, hope, plan

We decided to determine the minimum combustion temperature.

• 动词+动名词/动词不定式：begin, continue, like,prefer, start

We continued measuring… /We continued to measure…

• 动词+名词/代词+动词不定式：advise, have, instruct,remind，require,tell

Macromolecules require specificconditions to form crystalsl

• 动词+名词/代词+不带“to”的动词不定式：let, make (“force”), notice,see, watch

The bear let us approach… / Notice you write better after reading this book.

练习：用动词的正确形式填空，注意动词不定式和动名词的正确使用。

1. The analysis was limited to____(determine) the change in the population number.

2. We sought to____ (improve) theyield by adding specific catalysts.

3. Impurities in our samples were barriers to____ (obtain) chemically pure products using standard isolation techniques.

4. Ongoing volcanic eruptions limited theamount of time that we could dedicae to___     (collect) samples.

5. The reviewers recommend____ (add)more information about the bear habitat.

6. As with chemical reactions, the concept ofconcerted versus consecutive nuclear motions becomes central to____ (understand)the elementary steps of the mechanism.

7. In the mid-1990s, Bottomlybegan    (report) on immune response to foreignsubstances.

8. Plants are able____ (perceive) pathogenattacks and subsequently induce defense responses.

9. The K616 strain failed____ (grow)on calcium-depleted media.

10. We were surprised_____ (find) so fewdifferences among mutations that determine drug resistance.

参考答案

1. The analysis was limited to determining the change in thepopulation number.

2. We sought to improve the yield by adding specificcatalysts.

3. Impurities in our samples werebarriers to obtaining chemicallypure products using standard isolation techniques.

4. Ongoing volcanic eruptionslimited the amount of time that we could dedicate to collecting samples.

5. The reviewers recommend adding more information about the bearhabitat.

6. As with chemical reactions, theconcept of concerted versus consecutive nuclear motions becomes central to understanding the elementary steps ofthe mechanism.

7. In the mid-1990s, Bottomlybegan reporting on immune responseto foreign substances.

8. Plants are able to perceive pathogen attacks andsubsequently induce defense responses.

9. The K616 strain failed to grow on calcium-depleted media.

10. We were surprised to find so few differences amongmutations that determine drug resistance.

摘编自《科技写作与交流》(任胜利等译. 科学出版社,2012年出版)