Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Regeneration

First author: Momoko Ikeuchi; Affiliations: RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (日本理化研究所可持续资源科学中心): Kanagawa, Japan

Corresponding author: Keiko Sugimoto

Plants reprogram somatic cells following injury and regenerate new tissues and organs. Upon perception of inductive cues, somatic cells often dedifferentiate, proliferate, and acquire new fates to repair damaged tissues or develop new organs from wound sites. Wound stress activates transcriptional cascades to promote cell fate reprogramming and initiate new developmental programs. Wounding also modulates endogenous hormonal responses by triggering their biosynthesis and/or directional transport. Auxin and cytokinin play pivotal roles in determining cell fates in regenerating tissues and organs. Exogenous application of these plant hormones enhances regenerative responses in vitro by facilitating the activation of specific developmental programs. Many reprogramming regulators are epigenetically silenced during normal development but are activated by wound stress and/or hormonal cues.

植物在受损伤的组织部位会重编程体细胞，并再生新的组织和器官。归纳已有的研究结果显示，体细胞会经历去分化、增殖，接着获取新的细胞命运已修复受损伤的组织或是在受损伤的部位发育出新的器官。创伤胁迫激活了转录级联以促进细胞命运的重编程，起始新的发育进程。创伤还会通过诱导植物内源激素的生物合成或定向运输来改变植物的内源激素响应。生长素和细胞分裂素在植物再生组织和器官过程中对细胞命运决定有着至关重要的作用。在离体环境下，外施这些植物激素能够通过促进一些特定的发育进程来增加再生响应。许多重编程相关的调控基因在正常发育进程中是被表观沉默的，而在创伤胁迫或者是激素处理的情况下会被激活。

通讯：Keiko Sugimoto (http://www.riken.jp/en/research/labs/csrs/cell_funct/)

研究方向：在不断变化的环境中，植物如何整合发育和环境信号最大限度地促进器官生长。

doi: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-100434

Journal: Annual Review of Plant Biology

Published online: February 20, 2019