鲁 拜 集

波斯文原作者：奥玛珈音 Omar Khayyam (1052—1122)

波斯著名的诗人，天文学家和数学家。他写过多首脍炙人口的「鲁拜」，即波斯的四行诗，后集为《鲁拜集》。奥玛珈音有「波斯李白」之称，在纵酒狂歌的表象之下洞彻生命的虚幻无常，以绝美的纯诗，将人生「淡漠的悲哀」表达得淋漓尽致。其诗作融汇了科学家 的观点与诗人的灵感，结合而为文学艺术上的辉煌杰作。

英译：[英国]爱德华*菲兹杰拉德 Edward Fitzgerald (1809—1683)

汉译：[美籍华人]黄克孙

I-1 （IV-1）

菲兹杰拉德译：
　　 Wake! For the Sun, who scattered into flight
　　 The Stars before him from the Field of Night,
　　 Drives Night along with them from Heav'n, and strikes
　　 The Sultán's Turret with a Shaft of Light.

郭沫若译：

醒啊！太阳驱散了群星

暗夜从空中逃遁

灿烂的金箭

射中了苏丹的高瓴

黄杲炘译：

醒醒吧！黎明已在黑夜的碗中

投进了石球，叫星群飞离天穹：

看哪！那东方猎手的光明之索

已把苏丹宫墙上的塔楼套中。

黄克孙译：
　　 醒醒游仙梦里人，
　　 残星几点已西沉。
　　 羲和骏马鬃如火，
　　 红到苏丹塔上云。

I-2 （IV-2）

　　 Before the phantom of False morning died,
　　 Methought a Voice within the Tavern cried,
　　 "When all the Temple is prepared within,
　　 Why nods the drowsy Worshipper outside?"

黄杲炘译：

晨曦在天边微微露脸，我听见

梦中的酒店里有个声音呼喊：

“醒吧，我的孩子们，把杯儿斟满

趁这杯中的生命之酒还没干。”

黄克孙译：
　　 一抹朝暾染四埵，
　　 隔门客舍语依稀：
　　 『生涯莫放金尊懒，
　　 人易凋零酒易晞』。

　　 3
　　 And, as the Cock crew, those who stood before
　　 The Tavern shouted — "Open then the Door!
　　 You know how little while we have to stay,
　　 And, once departed, may return no more. "

　　 晨鸡一唱起南柯，
　　 门外羁人击节歌：
　　 『大地苍天原逆旅，
　　 怱怱客岁已无多』。

　　 4
　　 Now the New Year reviving old Desires,
　　 The thoughtful Soul to Solitude retires,
　　 Where the white hand of Moses on the Bough
　　 Puts out, and Jesus from the Ground suspires.
　　 东风吹醒梦中人，
　　 碧野平芜物又新。
　　 摩世手伸千树白，
　　 耶稣气吐一山春。
　　 注：摩世（Moses）。可兰经云摩西手白如雪，故借喩白花。
　　 耶稣（Jesus）。据回敎传说，耶稣气息，能抚愈创伤。
　　 5
　　 Iram indeed is gone with all its Rose
　　 And Jamshyd's Seven-ring'd Cup where no one knows;
　　 But still a Ruby kindles in the Vine,
　　 And many a Garden by the Water blows.
　　 沉沉消息七环杯，
　　 伊览芳华尽劫灰。
　　 唯有野花红似昔，
　　 年年争向水边开。
　　 注：七环杯。古波斯王Jamshyd有七环杯，以象七天、七星、七海。杯中常盛不死药。
　　 伊览（Iram）。古波斯名城，现已埋没土下。
　　 6
　　 And David's Lips are lockt; but in divine
　　 High-piping Pehlevi, with "Wine! Wine! Wine!
　　 Red Wine!" — the Nightingale cries to the Rose
　　 That sallow cheek of hers to' incarnadine.
　　 绕梁音绝歌人渺，
　　 犹有啼鹃格调高。
　　 酒酒连声玫瑰酒，
　　 欲将双颊染樱桃。
　　 注：歌人。指古波斯名歌者David。
　　 7
　　 Come, fill the Cup, and in the Fire of Spring
　　 Your Winter-garment of Repentance fling:
　　 The Bird of Time has but a little way
　　 To flutter — and the Bird is on the Wing.
　　 春火珠红酒里天，
　　 心中块垒碎尊前。
　　 白驹此去无多路，
　　 岁月无情已着鞭。
　　 8
　　 Whether at Naishápúr or Babylon,
　　 Whether the Cup with sweet of bitter run,
　　 The Wine of Life keeps oozing drop by drop,
　　 The Leaves of Life keep falling one by one.
　　 不问淸瓢与浊瓢，
　　 不分寒食与花朝。
　　 酒泉岁月涓涓尽，
　　 枫树生涯叶叶飘。
　　 9
　　 Each Morn a thousand Roses brings, you say;
　　 Yes, but where leaves the Rose of Yesterday?
　　 And this first Summer month that brings the Rose
　　 Shall take Jamshyd and Kaikobád away.
　　 闻道新红又吐葩，
　　 昨宵玫瑰落谁家。
　　 潇潇风信潇潇雨，
　　 带得花来又葬花。
　　 10
　　 Well, let it take them! What have we to do
　　 With Kaikobád the Great, or Kaikhosrú?
　　 Let Zál and Rustum bluster as they will,
　　 Or Hátim call to Supper — heed not you.
　　 汨罗江水伤心碧，
　　 铜雀台花寂寞红。
　　 醉眼只宜看白日，
　　 干卿底事哭英雄。
　　 11
　　 With me along the strip of Herbage strown
　　 That just divides the desert from the sown,
　　 Where name of Slave and Sultan is forgot—
　　 And Peace to Mahmúd on his golden Throne!
　　 平芜携手看黄沙，
　　 牧草靑靑瀚海涯。
　　 白屋朱袍浑不认，
　　 羲皇榻上是吾家。
　　 12
　　 A Book of Verses underneath the Bough,
　　 A Jug of Wine, a Loaf of Bread — and Thou
　　 Beside me singing in the Wilderness —
　　 Oh, Wilderness were Paradise enow!
　　 一箪疏食一壶浆，
　　 一卷诗书树下凉。
　　 卿为阿侬歌瀚海，
　　 茫茫瀚海即天堂。
　　 13
　　 Some for the Glories of This World; and some
　　 Sigh for the Prophet's Paradise to come;
　　 Ah, take the Cash, and let the Credit go.
　　 Nor heed the rumble of a distant Drum!
　　 三生事业尽朦胧，
　　 一世浮华总落空。
　　 今日有钱须买醉，
　　 鼓声山外任隆隆。
　　 注：鼓声。喩遥远渺茫事。
　　 14
　　 Look to the blowing Rose about us — "Lo,
　　 Laughing," she says, "into the world I blow,
　　 At once the silken tassel of my Purse
　　 Tear, and its Treasure on the Garden throw."
　　 玫瑰周遭向我开，
　　 嫣然浅笑更低徊：
　　 『看侬一解柔丝蕾，
　　 红向千园万圃来。』
　　 15
　　 And those who husbanded the Golden Grain,
　　 And those who flung it to the Winds like rain,
　　 Alike to no such aureate Earth are turn'd
　　 As, buried once, Men want dug up again.
　　 一杯浊酒无余恨，
　　 死去谁怜金玉榇。
　　 但见明珠出土来，
　　 凄凉白骨无人问。
　　 16
　　 The Worldly Hope men set their Hearts upon
　　 Turns Ashes — or it prospers; and anon,
　　 Like Snow upon the Desert's dusty Face
　　 Lighting a little Hour or two — is gone.
　　 富贵当年想石崇，
　　 银鞍金络气如虹。
　　 可怜雪落平沙里，
　　 曾几何时日又中。
　　 17
　　 Think, in this batter'd Caravanserai
　　 Whose Portals are alternate Night and Day,
　　 How Sultan after Sultan with his Pomp
　　 Abode his destined Hour, and went his way.
　　 乾坤寥落一穹庐，
　　 日夜循环起太初。
　　 多少英雄来复去，
　　 锦衣华盖尽同途。
　　 18
　　 They say the Lion and the Lizard keep
　　 The Courts where Jamshyd gloried and drank deep;
　　 And Bahram, that great hunter — the Wild Ass
　　 Stamps o'er his Head, but cannot break his Sleep.
　　 华表丹墀一例空，
　　 荒凉台榭走蛇虫。
　　 虎踪今遍英雄墓，
　　 无复惊闻李广弓。
　　 19
　　 I sometimes think that never blows so red
　　 The Rose as where some buried Coesar bled;
　　 That every Hyacinth the Garden wears
　　 Dropt in her Lap from some once lovely Head.
　　 红花底事红如此，
　　 想是苌弘血里开。
　　 一地落英愁欲语：
　　 『当年曾伴美人来。』
　　 20
　　 And this reviving Herb whose tender Green
　　 Fledges the River-Lip on which we lean —
　　 Ah, lean upon it lightly; for who knows
　　 From what once lovely Lip it springs unseen!
　　 芳茵绿遍淸江外，
　　 弱草娇柔人欲采。
　　 寄语行人莫损伤，
　　 离离草下知谁在。
　　 21
　　 Ah, my Belovéd, fill the Cup that clears
　　 To-day of past Regrets and future Fears —
　　 To-morrow? — Why, To-morrow I may be
　　 Myself with Yesterday's Sev'n Thousand Years.
　　 为卿斟酒洗尘缘，
　　 莫问明朝事渺然。
　　 我便明朝归去也，
　　 相随昨日七千年。
　　 22
　　 For some we loved, the loveliest and the best
　　 That from his Vintage rolling Time hath prest,
　　 Have drunk their Cup a Round or two before,
　　 And one by one crept silently to Rest.
　　 旧日湖山同醉客，
　　 只今寥落已无多。
　　 几杯飮罢魂销尽，
　　 一一生涯酒里过。
　　 23
　　 And we, that now make merry in the Room
　　 They left, and Summer dresses in new Bloom,
　　 Ourselves must we beneath the couch of Earth
　　 Descend, ourselves to make a couch — for whom?
　　 醉眠陵上草芊芊，
　　 草下长埋古圣贤。
　　 借问他年陵上客，
　　 阿谁枕我骨头眠。
　　 24
　　 Ah, make the most of what we yet may spend,
　　 Before we too into the Dust descend;
　　 Dust into Dust, and under Dust, to lie,
　　 Sans Wine, sans Song, sans Singer, and — sans End!
　　 时恐秋霜零草莽，
　　 韶华一旦随花葬。
　　 微尘身世化微尘，
　　 无酒无歌无梦想。
　　 25
　　 Alike for those who for To-day prepare,
　　 And those that after some To-morrow stare,
　　 A Muezzin from the Tower of Darkness cries
　　 "Fools! your Reward is neither Here nor There!"
　　 饭颗山头饭颗生，
　　 莲花灯下莲花起。
　　 忽闻棒喝一声来：
　　 『道不在斯不在彼。』
　　 26
　　 Why, all the Saints and Sages who discuss'd
　　 Of the Two Worlds so wisely — they are thrust
　　 Like foolish Prophets forth; their words to scorn
　　 Are scatter'd, and their Mouths are stopt with Dust.
　　 地狱天堂说未眞，
　　 恒恒贤哲几多人。
　　 玲珑妙口今安在，
　　 三尺泥中不复闻。
　　 27
　　 Myself when young did eagerly frequent
　　 Doctor and Saint, and heard great Argument
　　 About it and about: but evermore
　　 Came out by the same door where in I went.
　　 少年执麈好谈玄，
　　 邹子雕龙衍子天。
　　 犹是野狐心未悟，
　　 金函不学学逃禅。
　　 28
　　 With them the Seed of Wisdom did I sow,
　　 And with mine own hand wrought to make it grow
　　 And this was all the Harvest that I reap'd —
　　 "I came like Water, and like Wind I go. "
　　 辜负高人细解蒙，
　　 希夷妙道未能通。
　　 此心本似无根草，
　　 来是行云去是风。
　　 29
　　 Into this Universe, and Why not knowing,
　　 Nor Whence, like Water willy-nilly flowing:
　　 And out of it, as Wind along the Waste,
　　 I know not Whiter willy-nilly blowing.
　　 浑噩生来非自宰，
　　 生来天地又何之。
　　 苍茫野水流无意，
　　 流到何方水不知。
　　 30
　　 What, without asking, hither hurried Whence?
　　 And, without asking, Whither hurried hence!
　　 Oh, many a Cup of this forbidden Wine
　　 Must drown the memory of that insolence!
　　 生本无因死亦空，
　　 前身后世影朦胧。
　　 何如十斛兰陵酒，
　　 世界微尘一醉中。
　　 31
　　 Up from Earth's Centre through the Seventh Gate
　　 I rose, and on the Throne of Saturn sate,
　　 And many a Knot unravel'd by the Road;
　　 But not the Master-knot of Human Fate.
　　 骑鹤神游阿母台，
　　 七重天阙拂云来。
　　 玉皇仙籍偷观尽，
　　 司命天书揭不开。
　　 32
　　 There was the door to which I found no Key;
　　 There was the Veil through which I might not see:
　　 Some little Talk awhile of Me and Thee
　　 There was — and then no more of Thee and Me.
　　 太极庄严门矗立，
　　 谷神缥缈帐深垂。
　　 微闻玉锁初开日，
　　 度得红尘一客归。
　　 33
　　 Earth could not answer; nor the Seas that mourn
　　 In flowing Purple, of their Lord forlorn;
　　 Nor rolling Heaven, with all his Signs reveal'd
　　 And hidden by the sleeve of Night and Morn.
　　 遍访乾坤总惘然，
　　 天垂日月寂无言。
　　 海涛悲涌深蓝色，
　　 不答凡夫问太玄。
　　 34
　　 Then of the Thee in Me who works behind
　　 The Veil, I lifted up my hands to find
　　 A Lamp amid the Darkness; and I heard,
　　 As from Without — "The Me within Thee blind!"
　　 闻道天人原合一，
　　 微机分寸自能参。
　　 如何缘业凭天结，
　　 天道恢恢不可探。
　　 35
　　 Then to the lip of this poor earthen Urn
　　 I lean'd, the Secret of my Life to learn:
　　 And Lip to Lip it murmur'd — "While you live
　　 Drink! — for once dead you never shall return."
　　 红泥酒爵在唇边，
　　 欲问前缘与后缘。
　　 酒爵多情低语我：
　　 『且将陶醉换华年。』
　　 36
　　 I think the Vessel, that with fugitive
　　 Articulation answer'd, once did live,
　　 And drink; and Ah! the passive Lip I kiss'd,
　　 How many Kisses might it take — and give!
　　 醉向冰壶问短长，
　　 冰壶前世是刘郞。
　　 试看此日壶唇上，
　　 多少脂痕渍粉香。
　　 37
　　 For I remember stopping by the way
　　 To watch a Potter thumping his wet Clay:
　　 And with its all-obliterated Tongue
　　 It murmur'd — "Gently, Brother, gently, pray!"
　　 南山采土冶为瓯，
　　 土语啾啾说不休：
　　 『我亦当年尘上客，
　　 劳君雕琢要温柔。』
　　 38
　　 And has not such a Story from of Old
　　 Down Man's successive generations roll'd
　　 Of such a clod of saturated Earth
　　 Cast by the Maker into Human mould?
　　 不闻野老瓜棚下，
　　 扪虱荒唐说鬼狐。
　　 见说天公能造化，
　　 揑成骨肉自泥涂。
　　 39
　　 And not a drop that from our Cups we throw
　　 For Earth to drink of, but may steal below
　　 To quench the fire of Anguish in some Eye
　　 There hidden — far beneath, and long ago.
　　 独对山川高酌罢，
　　 临风细细酹余觞。
　　 遥知几滴馨香酒，
　　 必有泥中醉鬼尝。
　　 40
　　 As then the Tulip for her morning sup
　　 Of Heav'nly Vintage from the soil looks up,
　　 Do you devoutly do the like, till Heav'n
　　 To Earth invert you — like an empty Cup.
　　 郁金花瓣朝天舞，
　　 好趁晨风醉甘露。
　　 日易盈昃露易晞，
　　 空垂残萼伤迟暮。
　　 41
　　 Perplext no more with Human or Divine,
　　 To-morrow's tangle to the winds resign,
　　 And lose your fingers in the tresses of
　　 The Cypress-slender Minister of Wine.
　　 成佛成仙渺果因，
　　 明朝身世付烟云。
　　 携壶浪迹山林上，
　　 翠柏苍松供酒神。
　　 42
　　 And if the Wine you drink, the Lip you press,
　　 End in what All begins and ends in — Yes;
　　 Think then you are To-day what Yesterday
　　 You were — To-morrow you shall not be less.
　　 绿酒朱唇空过眼，
　　 微尘原自化微尘。
　　 今朝我即明朝我，
　　 昨日身犹此日身。
　　 43
　　 So when that Angel of the darker Drink
　　 At last shall find you by the river-brink,
　　 And, offering his Cup, invite your Soul
　　 Forth to your Lips to quaff — you shall not shrink.
　　 茫茫天地有筵台，
　　 司命高持黑酒杯。
　　 酒过数巡应到我，
　　 欣然尽飮莫徘徊。
　　 44
　　 Why, if the Soul can fling the Dust aside,
　　 And naked on the Air of Heaven ride,
　　 Were't not a Shame — were't not a Shame for him
　　 In this clay carcase crippled to abide?
　　 一朝蝉蜕余躯壳，
　　 魂魄悠悠归碧落。
　　 低首烟寰应自羞，
　　 几年为此皮囊缚。
　　 45
　　 'Tis but a Tent where takes his one day's rest
　　 A Sultan to the realm of Death addrest;
　　 The Sultan rises, and the dark Ferrásh
　　 Strikes, and prepares it for another Guest.
　　 皮囊甲帐驻苏丹，
　　 明日苏丹又西作。
　　 寥落穹庐野火中，
　　 苏丹骏马飞沙漠。
　　 46
　　 And fear not lest Existence closing your
　　 Account, and mine, should know the like no more;
　　 The Eternal Sáki from that Bowl has pour'd
　　 Millions of Bubbles like us, and will pour.
　　 人来人去千秋事，
　　 水泻危崖泡沫轻。
　　 泡沫刹那倶幻灭，
　　 华严瀑布永奔腾。
　　 47
　　 When You and I behind the Veil are past,
　　 Oh, but the long, long while the World shall last,
　　 Which of our Coming and Departure heeds
　　 As the Sea's self should heed a pebble-cast.
　　 一入重帏客渺然，
　　 无情天地自绵绵。
　　 浮萍几点随波去，
　　 不改苍茫海色玄。
　　 注：重帏。据波斯传说，天堂有重帏，上帝高坐其后。
　　 48
　　 A Moment's Halt — a momentary taste
　　 Of being from the Well amid the Waste —
　　 And Lo! — the phantom Caravan has reach'd
　　 The Nothing it set out from — Oh, make haste!
　　 平沙万里踄明驼，
　　 寻得甘泉且放歌。
　　 莫问远乡多少路，
　　 远乡遥指是亡何。
　　 49
　　 Would you that spangle of Existence spend
　　 About the secret — quick about it, Friend!
　　 A Hair perhaps divides the False and True —
　　 And upon what, prithee, may life depend?
　　 儒者登坛墨者逃，
　　 由来眞伪爽毫毛。
　　 一生一死寻常事，
　　 谁把天心示我曹。
　　 50
　　 A Hair perhaps divides the False and True;
　　 Yes; and a single Alif were the Clue —
　　 Could you but find it — to the Treasure-house,
　　 and peradventure to The Master too;
　　 眞伪由来爽一丝，
　　 元眞故故在希夷。
　　 凭君参尽人天理，
　　 得见天心未可知。
　　 51
　　 Whose secret Presence, through Creation's veins
　　 Running Quicksilver-like eludes your pains;
　　 Taking all shapes from Máh to Máhi; and
　　 They change and perish all — but He remains;
　　 月明海上化仙禽，
　　 忽幻鱼龙入水深。
　　 世界刹那千万相，
　　 盎然不变是天心。
　　 注：月化鱼。波斯俗以「化鱼」喩变迁。
　　 52
　　 A moment guess'd — then back behind the Fold
　　 Immerst of Darkness round the Drama roll'd
　　 Which, for the Pastime of Eternity,
　　 He doth Himself contrive, enact, behold.
　　 浩荡天门瞬息开，
　　 千秋蝼蚁浪疑猜。
　　 云山几度成沧海，
　　 造化红尘游戏来。
　　 53
　　 But if in vain, down on the stubborn floor
　　 Of Earth, and up to Heav'n's unopening Door,
　　 You gaze To-day, while You are You — how then
　　 To-morrow, when You shall be You no more?
　　 举首叩天天不语，
　　 低头问地地无闻。
　　 即今俯仰犹迷惘，
　　 何况他年墓里人。
　　 54
　　 Waste not your Hour, nor in the vain pursuit
　　 Of This and That endeavour and dispute;
　　 Better be jocund with the fruitful Grape
　　 Than sadden after none, or bitter, Fruit.
　　 垦道求眞终不获，
　　 便成果实亦酸辛。
　　 何如独到南山上，
　　 摘取葡萄祭酒神。
　　 55
　　 You know, my Friends, with what a brave Carouse
　　 I made a Second Marriage in my house;
　　 Divorc'd old barren Reason from my bed,
　　 And took the Daughter of the Vine to Spouse.
　　 落落心怀久不开，
　　 酒酣拔剑断琴台。
　　 忍敎智慧成离妇，
　　 新娶葡萄公主来。
　　 56
　　 For "Is" and "Is-not" though with Rule and Line
　　 And "Up-and-down" by Logic I define,
　　 Of all that one should care to fathom, I
　　 Was never deep in anything but — Wine.
　　 是非原在有无中，
　　 竭想穷思总是空。
　　 借问一心何所好，
　　 满杯春酒漾娇红。
　　 57
　　 Ah, but my Computations, People say,
　　 Reduc'd the Year to better reckoning? — Nay,
　　 'Twas only striking from the Calendar
　　 Unborn To-morrow, and dead Yesterday.
　　 曾司北斗与招摇，
　　 玉历天衡略整调。
　　 纸上淋漓纵醉笔，
　　 勾除昨日与明朝。
　　 注：珈音乃古波斯名数学家，曾创新暦。
　　 58
　　 And lately, by the Tavern door agape,
　　 Came shining through the Dusk an Angel Shape
　　 Bearing a Vessel on his Shoulder; and
　　 He bid me taste of it; and 'twas — the Grape!
　　 蓬门昨夜有人敲，
　　 王母仙童馈绿醪。
　　 翠色新瓷包锦袱，
　　 启瓶一酌是葡萄。
　　 59
　　 The Grape that can with Logic absolute
　　 The Two-and-Seventy jarring Sects confute:
　　 The sovereign Alchemist that in a trice
　　 Life's leaden Metal into Gold transmute;
　　 葡萄美酒紫金钟，
　　 药鼎丹炉笑葛洪。
　　 输与此时一杯酒，
　　 琴心三迭十年功。
　　 60
　　 The mighty Mahmúd, Allah-breathing Lord,
　　 That all the misbelieving and black Horde
　　 Of Fears and Sorrows that infest the Soul
　　 Scatters before him with his whirlwind Sword.
　　 酒降人间感上苍，
　　 一杯洗尽九回肠。
　　 钟馗手秉旋风剑，
　　 独立天庭百鬼惶。
　　 61
　　 Why, be this Juice the growth of God, who dare
　　 Blaspheme the twisted tendril as a Snare?
　　 A Blessing, we should use it, should we not?
　　 And if a Curse — why, then, Who set it there?
　　 上帝传符造甘酒，
　　 杜康降自九天遥。
　　 若非天旨分明在，
　　 谁敢皇皇犯戒条。
　　 62
　　 I must abjure the Balm of Life, I must,
　　 Scar'd by some After-reckoning ta'en on trust,
　　 Or lured with Hope of some Diviner Drink,
　　 To fill the Cup — when crumbled into Dust!
　　 天上何时禁酒觞，
　　 人间甘露我偷尝。
　　 拚将缥缈三生债，
　　 换得千秋醉道场。
　　 63
　　 Oh threats of Hell and Hopes of Paradise!
　　 One thing at least is certain — This Life flies;
　　 One thing is certain and the rest is Lies;
　　 The Flower that once has blown for ever dies.
　　 碧落黄泉皆妄语，
　　 三生因果尽荒唐。
　　 浊醪以外无眞理，
　　 一谢花魂再不香。
　　 64
　　 Strange, is it not? that of the myriads who
　　 Before us pass'd the door of Darkness through,
　　 Not one returns to tell us of the Road,
　　 Which to discover we must travel too.
　　 道失冥关谁借问，
　　 了无归客说岖崎。
　　 漫漫别路深如许，
　　 寂寞行人只自知。
　　 65
　　 The Revelations of Devout and Learn'd
　　 Who rose before us, and as Prophets burn'd,
　　 Are all but Stories, which, awoke from Sleep
　　 They told their comrades, and to Sleep return'd.
　　 哲人敧枕漫游仙，
　　 睡眼惺忪说太玄。
　　 地狱天堂言未已，
　　 转身榻上又高眠。
　　 66
　　 I sent my Soul through the Invisible,
　　 Some letter of that After-life to spell:
　　 And by and by my Soul return'd to me,
　　 And answer'd "I Myself am Heav'n and Hell. "
　　 欲寻身后路茫茫，
　　 自遣离魂到大荒。
　　 魂魄归来唯一语：
　　 『我兼地狱与天堂。』
　　 67
　　 Heav'n but the Vision of fulfill'd Desire,
　　 And Hell the Shadow from a Soul on fire,
　　 Cast on the Darkness into which Ourselves,
　　 So late emerged from, shall so soon expire.
　　 醉抛衣带成河汉，
　　 泪洒云山作汴湘。
　　 火借愁心为地狱，
　　 酒空尘欲即天堂。
　　 68
　　 We are no other than a moving row
　　 Of Magic Shadow-shapes that come and go
　　 Round with the Sun-illumin'd Lantern held
　　 In Midnight by the Master of the Show;
　　 琉璃冰罩转玲珑，
　　 巧镂山河大匠功。
　　 中有光明灯一盏，
　　 纸人泥马影憧憧。
　　 69
　　 But helpless Pieces of the Game He plays
　　 Upon this Chequer-board of Nights and Days;
　　 Hither and thither moves, and checks, and slays,
　　 And one by one back in the Closet lays.
　　 纵横日夜为棋局，
　　 枰上千秋劫正浓。
　　 转换腾那犹未了，
　　 残棋一一入壶中。
　　 70
　　 The Ball no question makes of Ayes and Noes,
　　 But Here or There as strikes the Player goes;
　　 And He that toss'd you down into the Field,
　　 He knows about it all — He knows — HE KNOWS!
　　 眼看乾坤一局棋，
　　 满枰黑白子离离。
　　 铿然一子成何劫，
　　 惟有苍苍妙手知。
　　 71
　　 The Moving Finger writes; and, having writ,
　　 Moves on: nor all your Piety nor Wit
　　 Shall lure it back to cancel half a Line,
　　 Nor all your Tears wash out a Word of it.
　　 冥冥有手写天书，
　　 彩笔无情挥不已。
　　 流尽人间泪几千，
　　 不能洗去半行字。
　　 72
　　 And that inverted Bowl they call the sky,
　　 Whereunder crawling coop'd we live and die,
　　 Lift not your hands to It for help — for It
　　 As impotently moves as you or I.
　　 浑圆天盖碧深沉，
　　 月运星移古至今。
　　 莫向苍天求解脱，
　　 苍天旋转不由心。
　　 73
　　 With Earth's first Clay They did the Last Man knead,
　　 And there of the Last Harvest sow'd the Seed:
　　 And the first Morning of Creation wrote
　　 What the Last Dawn of Reckoning shall read.
　　 天化劳人泥与水，
　　 身渗苦水到穷途。
　　 云山沧海何年尽，
　　 都在鸿蒙纸上书。
　　 74
　　 Yesterday this Day's Madness did prepare;
　　 To-morrow's Silence, Triumph, or Despair:
　　 Drink! for you know not whence you came, nor why:
　　 Drink! for you know not why you go, nor where.
　　 风云一一安排好，
　　 世界如荼入眼来。
　　 痛飮不闻狂客问，
　　 明朝何处化尘埃。
　　 75
　　 I tell you this — When, started from the Goal,
　　 Over the flaming shoulders of the Foal
　　 Of Heav'n Parwin and Mushtari they flung,
　　 In my predestin'd Plot of Dust and Soul
　　 天马长嘶振鬣毛，
　　 溟蒙驰道接云高。
　　 神明马上伸天手，
　　 摘取星辰向我抛。
　　 注：星辰。指珈音所属宫位。
　　 76
　　 The Vine had struck a Fibre: which about
　　 If clings my being — let the Dervish flout;
　　 Of my Base Metal may be filed a Key,
　　 That shall unlock the Door he howls without.
　　 神山一树众生出，
　　 我是仙桃树上虫。
　　 偷得人间金锁钥，
　　 醉眠内府宝藏中。
　　 77
　　 And this I know: whether the one True Light
　　 Kindle to Love, or Wrath-consume me quite,
　　 One Flash of It within the Tavern caught
　　 Better than in the Temple lost outright.
　　 心中幻灭有明灯，
　　 幻出人间爱与憎。
　　 灯影酒中犹照我，
　　 神明坛上见何曾。
　　 78
　　 What! out of senseless Nothing to provoke
　　 A conscious Something to resent the yoke
　　 Of unpermitted Pleasure, under pain
　　 Of Everlasting Penalties, if broke!
　　 天公取土雕成我，
　　 爱欲痴嗔泥里和。
　　 争又人间设果因，
　　 三生却问他生过。
　　 79
　　 What! from his helpless Creature be repaid
　　 Pure Gold for what he lent him dross-allay'd —
　　 Sue for a Debt he never did contract,
　　 And cannot answer — Oh the sorry trade!
　　 天赐人间自在身，
　　 形骸放浪是元眞。
　　 此生那有他生债，
　　 未向苍天借一文。
　　 80
　　 Oh Thou, who didst with Pitfall and with Gin
　　 Beset the Road I was to wander in,
　　 Thou wilt not with Predestin'd Evil round
　　 Enmesh, and then impute my Fall to Sin!
　　 千山岐路何人辟，
　　 要问冥冥造化来。
　　 鞭底苍茫征路远，
　　 乱蓬好自为吾开。
　　 81
　　 Oh, Thou, who Man of baser Earth didst make,
　　 And ev'n with Paradise devise the Snake:
　　 For all the Sin wherewith the Face of Man
　　 Is blacken'd, Man's Forgiveness give — and take!
　　 苍穹含缺女娲嗟，
　　 伊甸天园尙有蛇。
　　 草草众生原帝力，
　　 谁敎为善与为邪。
　　 瓮歌集
　　 82
　　 As under cover of departing Day
　　 Slunk hunger-stricken Ramazán away,
　　 Once more within the Potter's house alone
　　 I stood, surrounded by the Shapes of Clay.
　　 晨昏一例醉中眠，
　　 过尽凄凉九月天。
　　 又访村家陶匠去，
　　 泥瓮秋客对萧然。
　　 注：九月。回俗九月绝食，名为Ramazan。
　　 83
　　 Shapes of all Sorts and Sizes, great and small,
　　 That stood along the floor and by the wall;
　　 And some loquacious Vessels were; and some
　　 Listen'd perhaps, but never talk'd at all.
　　 红猩绿翠采姿多，
　　 短缶长瓶壁上罗。
　　 黄目无言垂醉眼，
　　 泥壶开口唱山歌：
　　 84
　　 Said one among them — "Surely not in vain
　　 My substance of the common Earth was ta'en
　　 And to this Figure moulded, to be broke,
　　 Or trampled back to shapeless Earth again."
　　 『弯弯壶嘴似蛾眉，
　　 手做泥壶为阿谁。
　　 随手揑成随手碎，
　　 到头还是一堆泥。』
　　 85
　　 Then said a Second — "Ne'er a peevish Boy
　　 Would break the Bowl from which he drank in joy;
　　 And He that with his hand the Vessel made
　　 Will surely not in after Wrath destroy."
　　 瓦尊壁上曼声呼：
　　 『酒客犹知惜酒壶，
　　 多少匠心成一器，
　　 无端谁忍碎无辜。』
　　 86
　　 After a momentary silence spake
　　 Some Vessel of a more ungainly Make;
　　 "They sneer at me for leaning all awry;
　　 What! did the hand then of the Potter shake?"
　　 古瓶臲卼背穹隆，
　　 独坐尘埃诉苦衷：
　　 『想是匠人年已老，
　　 摩挱雕琢手龙钟。』
　　 87
　　 Whereat some one of the loquacious Lot —
　　 I think a Sufi pipkin — waxing hot —
　　 "All this of Pot and Potter — Tell me then,
　　 Who is the Potter, pray and who the Pot?"
　　 小壶颜色火烧云，
　　 谈笑悬河水泻银：
　　 『漫说陶人与陶器，
　　 孰为陶器孰陶人。』
　　 88
　　 "Why," said another, "Some there are who tell
　　 Of one who threatens he will toss to Hell
　　 The luckless Pots he marr'd in making — Pish!
　　 He's a Good Fellow, and 'twill all be well. "
　　 说法泥瓮貌岸然：
　　 『成材成器总由天。
　　 残壶废盌都抛去，
　　 抛到无情火焰边。』
　　 89
　　 "Well," murmur'd one, "Let whoso make or buy,
　　 My Clay with long oblivion is gone dry:
　　 But, fill me with the old familiar Juice,
　　 Methinks I might recover by and by!"
　　 寂寞凋零一断壶，
　　 年年愁待酒家胡：
　　 『请君为我勤斟酒，
　　 垂老心肠久已枯。』
　　 90
　　 So while the Vessels one by one were speaking,
　　 The little Moon look'd in that all were seeking:
　　 And then they jogg'd each other, "Brother! Brother!
　　 Now for the Porter's shoulder knot a-creaking!"
　　 月照千家户半开，
　　 壶尊无语静尘埃。
　　 鞋声细碎闻窗外，
　　 疑是飘零酒客来。
　　 瓮歌集终
　　 91
　　 Ah, with the Grape my fading Life provide,
　　 And wash the Body whence the Life has died,
　　 And lay me, shrouded in the living Leaf,
　　 By some not unfrequented Garden-side.
　　 一旦魂归万事空，
　　 劳君倾酒洗萍踪。
　　 遗身愿裹葡萄叶，
　　 葬在名花怒放中。
　　 92
　　 That ev'n my buried Ashes such a Snare
　　 Of Vintage shall fling up into the Air
　　 As not a True Believer passing by
　　 But shall be overtaken unaware.
　　 死化寒灰带酒香，
　　 河山千古葬遗觞。
　　 他年游子来凭吊，
　　 犹得坟前醉一场。
　　 93
　　 Indeed the Idols I have loved so long
　　 Have done my credit in this World much wrong:
　　 Have drown'd my Glory in a shallow Cup,
　　 And sold my Reputation for a Song.
　　 不事神明事酒魔，
　　 前尘后事任蹉跎。
　　 借来年命偿杯酒，
　　 卖去浮名买醉歌。
　　 94
　　 Indeed, indeed, Repentance oft before
　　 I swore — but was I sober when I swore?
　　 And then and then came Spring, and Rose-in-hand
　　 My threadbare Penitence a-pieces tore.
　　 平生悔恨我何曾，
　　 醉里模糊说不淸。
　　 见说人间春又到，
　　 尊前莫作懊憹声。
　　 95
　　 And much as wine has play'd the Infidel,
　　 And robb'd me of my Robe of Honour — well,
　　 I often wonder what the Vintners buy
　　 One half so precious as the stuff they sell.
　　 酒误浮名犹爱酒，
　　 转怜卖酒村前叟。
　　 卖来不过几文钱，
　　 何物能如酒一斗。
　　 96
　　 Yet Ah, that Spring should vanish with the Rose!
　　 That Youth's sweet-scented Manuscript should close!
　　 The Nightingale that in the Branches sang,
　　 Ah, whence, and whither flown again, who knows!
　　 墓里古人浑不语，
　　 杨花榭后飘香絮。
　　 子规啼尽一春心，
　　 飞到天涯何处去。
　　 97
　　 Would but the desert of the fountain yield
　　 One glimpse — if dimly, yet indeed, reveal'd,
　　 To which the fainting Traveller might spring,
　　 As springs that trampled herbage of the field!
　　 古野犹生春草绿，
　　 茫茫大漠何寥哉。
　　 行人远道凄凉甚，
　　 可有淸泉慰客来。
　　 98
　　 Would but some winged Angel ere too late
　　 Arrest the yet unfolded Roll of Fate,
　　 And make the stern Recorder otherwise
　　 Enregister, or quite obliterate!
　　 愿见仙人启玉楼，
　　 天书细细写从头。
　　 生涯不为重斟酌，
　　 便把微身一笔勾。
　　 99
　　 Ah Love! could you and I with Him conspire
　　 To grasp this sorry Scheme of Things entire,
　　 Would not we shatter it to bits — and then
　　 Re-mould it nearer to the Heart's Desire!
　　 梦游昨夜到天池，
　　 欲借神明剑一枝。
　　 斩碎三千愁世界，
　　 从头收拾旧须弥。
　　 100
　　 Yon rising Moon that looks for us again —
　　 How oft hereafter will she wax and wane;
　　 How oft hereafter risi

2009-12-18 23:04:31 梦之旅

　　 100
　　Yon rising Moon that looks for us again —
　　 How oft hereafter will she wax and wane;
　　 How oft hereafter rising look for us
　　Through this same Garden — and for one in vain!
　　 明月多情伴客身，
　　 人来人去月无闻，
　　 从今几度黄昏月，
　　 遍照园林少一人。
　　 101
　　 And when like her, oh Sáki, you shall pass
　　 Among the Guests Star-scatter'd on the Grass,
　　 And in your joyous errand reach the spot
　　 Where I made One — turn down an empty Glass!
　　 酒僮酒僮劝客来，
　　 座中无我莫徘徊。
　　 醉翁去后余何物，
　　 一只空空覆酒杯。

===================================
　　 鲁拜集终
　　 译后记
　　 上奥玛珈音《鲁拜集》一百又一首。根据费氏结楼(E. FitzGerald)第五英译本衍译，旁参费氏第一译本及其它散文英译本。
　　 参考材料见THE SUFISTIC QUATRAINS OF OMAR KHAYYAM , IN DEFINITIVE FORM, including the translations of Edward FitzGerald (101 quatrains) with Edward Heron-Allen's analysis, E. H. Whinefield (500 quatrains) J. B. Nicolas (464 quatrains) (M. Walter Dunne, Publisher, New York and London, 1903)
　　
　　 黄译《鲁拜集》注释(苏正隆):
　　1 羲和：日御；日乘车，驾以六龙，羲和御之。-----P.17
　　2 摩世（MOSES,又译摩西）：据传摩西手白如雪，故借喻白花。耶稣(JESUS):据传说，耶稣气息，能抚愈创伤。-----P.23
　　3.七环杯：古波斯王JAMSHYD有七环杯，以象七天、七星、七海。杯中常盛不死药。------P.25
　　4.伊览(IRAM):古波斯名城，现已埋没土下。------P.25
　　5.歌人：指古波斯名歌者DAVID.
　　6.苏丹：即Sultan，回人称其君主。
　　7.白衣朱袍：平民与帝王。
　　8 寒食：淸明前二日，俗禁火二日。
　　9.花朝：俗以农历二月十二或二月十五为百花生日，称作花朝。
　　10 汨罗江：屈原自沉之处。
　　11. 铜雀台：魏武帝曹操所筑。魏武临终，遗命葬于西陵，与铜雀台相望，嘱诸子每月初一、十五登台望其墓。
　　12 三生：前世、今世、来世。
　　13 石崇：晋人，其富足可敌国。
　　14 华表：城廓、衙门、墓前等所立之柱识。
　　15.丹墀：以丹漆阶上地曰丹墀。墀，音迟。
　　16. 苌弘：周大夫，被杀后流血成石（或曰成碧），不见其尸。
　　17. 饭颗山头饭颗生：喩为现世操劳。李白：「饭颗山头逢杜甫，头戴笠子日卓午。借问别来太瘦生，只为从前作诗苦。」
　　 莲花灯下莲花起：喩凝注来世，寄望往生莲花也。
　　18. 执麈：麈，音主，大鹿也，古人以麈尾作拂尘，淸谈时手执麈尾，用以指授听众。
　　 邹子雕龙衍子天：齐人驺衍、驺奭善谈，人颂衍曰谈天衍，颂奭为雕龙奭。
　　19.野狐：禅家谓以外道讲禅为野狐参禅。
　　20. 金函：《开元天宝遗事》：「明皇忧勤国政，或有章疏，则探其理道优长者贮之金函中，时取读之。」
　　21.逃禅：杜甫：「苏晋长斋绣佛前，醉中往往爱逃禅。」
　　22. 希夷：听之不闻曰希，视之不见曰夷。
　　23. 兰陵酒：兰陵产美酒。
　　24.世界微尘：世界即宇宙，时间与空间的总称；微尘，极细之物。《楞严经》：「一切因果，世界微尘，因心成体。」
　　25. 谷神：谷中空虚之处，喩妙道。
　　26. 刘郞：①刘伶，竹林七贤之一，放情肆志，性尤好酒。
　　 ② 东汉刘晨与友入天台山，迷途，遇二女，设宴款待，行酒作乐。后求归，至家，子孙已七世矣。
　　27. 扪虱：从容不迫，无所畏忌。
　　28. 昃：日过午曰昃，日西也。
　　 晞：干。
　　29. 西作：逝世。
　　30. 故故：屡屡。
　　31. 蝼蚁：喩微小。
　　32. 北斗与招摇：皆星名。
　　33.玉历天衡：天文历法。
　　34. 葛洪：晋人，好神仙术，赴交趾炼丹，丹成尸解。
　　35. 杜康：周人，善造酒。
　　36. 敧：侧倚、斜靠。敧，音欺。
　　37. 憧憧：往来不绝貌。憧，音冲。
　　38. 刼：棋奕中紧迫的关键。
　　 腾那：变易。
　　39. 如荼：盛大貌。
　　40. 黄目：铜器
　　41. 臲卼：音孽悟，动摇不安貌。
　　42.穹隆：穹然而隆起：长曲貌。
　　43. 酒家胡：酒家之姬