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昨天与大学生夏令营同学交流(科学院搞这个活动,也是为了吸引更多的好学生来读研究生),引用了爱老师的一句话:
Interruption of intellectual training in the formative period of youth is very apt to leave a gap which can hardly be filled later.
背景是很多同学把学过的基础课忘了。似乎数学物理就是用来考试玩儿的,考过就鸟尽弓藏了。我常看到一些比他们更大的同学写的东西,实验技术和数据是新的,而思想还是古人的“直觉”式的,看不出他们学过大学的数学和物理,甚至连中学课本的基础都达不到。呜呼!
“智力训练”中断了几年,结果就沦为和小学生的数学一样,只知道加减乘除,不知道数学是一种思想吗?一句诗尚且能感动一辈子,怎么学了几年的功课,就gone with the wind了呢?可惜呀!
那句话是爱老师1928年应邀参加在瑞士Davos国际大学课程时讲的,那个演讲的题目是fundamental concepts in physics and their development。演讲开头谈了对教育的一点看法,有段话现在大概也有意义(中译文可以参见商务印书馆《爱因斯坦文集》第三卷:“达沃斯的大学课程”,也可以比较一下中英文的味道):
Many a young man goes to this valley with his hopes fixed on the healing power of its sunny mountains and regains his bodily health. But thus withdrawn for long periods from the will-hardening discipline of normal work and a prey to morbid reflection on his physical condition, he easily loses the power of mental effort and the sense of being able to hold his own in the struggle for existence. He becomes a sort of hot-house plant and, when his body is cured, often finds it difficult to get back to normal life. Interruption of intellectual training in the formative period of youth is very apt to leave a gap which can hardly be filled later.
想起老子的一段话:“出生入死。生之徒,十有三;死之徒,十有三;人之生,动之于死地,亦十有三。夫何故?以其生生之厚。”(《老子五十章》)怎么想起它呢?隐约记得隐约见过有本爱因斯坦传记(可惜书名和作者都忘了)的扉页就引用了这段话的英译——确实是两重“隐约”,可能记错了。
王弼同学解释这一段(还有一半我没写出来)说得好:“……故物,苟不以求离其本,不以欲渝其真,虽入军而不害,陆行而不犯也。赤子之可则而贵,信矣。”(不熟悉的同学请找全文来看,我懒得抄了。)
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