法国共识简介——嗜睡的主观和客观评估手段

1 Excessive sleepiness is clinically defined as:

1.1 an excessive quantity of nighttime sleep and/or daytime sleep, and/or;

1.2 an alteration in the quality of arousal defined by an incapacity to maintain a satisfactory level of vigilance during the day or the morning on arousal (defined as sleep inertia)

2 Definition and prevalence of hypersomnolence

2.1 Long night sleep (> 9 hours) is seen in 8.4% [8.0%–8.8%] of the general population. The prevalence is higher in women than in men (9.2 vs. 7.6%), and decreases with age until 65, increasing thereafter. The association of excessive sleep (> 9 out of 24 hours), with significant daytime consequences, has an estimated prevalence of 1.6% [1.4%–1.8%] .

2.2 A frequency of at least two sleep attacks or incapacity to stay alert during the day, at least 3 days a week, over at least 3 months have been defined as pathological. Using this definition, the prevalence of hypersomnolence s in the general population is 4.7% [4.4–5.0%].

3. Evaluating sleepiness

The urge to sleep during the day when the intention is to remain alert is one of the most important and frequent complaints reported in sleep medicine consultations. This trend is worsening and represents a real public health issue due to its consequences on academic and professional performance, domestic and work accidents. Excessive sleepiness is a major cause of road death, responsible for 1/3rd of fatal accidents on motorways in France.

4. Objective measurements of sleepiness
4.1. Sleep latency measurements

4.2. Measurements of excessively long nocturnal sleep

4.3. Measurements of the quality of wake time

5. Subjective measurements of sleepiness

6. Limits of current sleepiness measurements