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从老鼠胚胎得到单倍体胚胎干细胞（CNS翻译练习）
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从老鼠胚胎得到单倍体胚胎干细胞
大多数动物是双倍体，但也有全单倍体或雄性单倍体（如蜜蜂和蚂蚁）物种被报道。复杂生物的双倍体基因组限制了生物医学模式生物如老鼠等的遗传学操作。 为了解决这个问题，在鱼类中用实验手段诱导了单倍体。对斑马鱼以开展了单倍体发育的遗传学筛选。最近，青鳉鱼（Oryzias latipes）单倍体多能干细胞系也已建立。 相反的，哺乳动物的单倍体似乎与发育的兼容性较差。虽然单倍体细胞可以在孤雌生殖的小鼠胚胎卵圆柱期被观察到，胚胎中大多数生存的细胞将成为双倍体。这里我们描述了单倍体小鼠胚胎干细胞并展示了它们在正向遗传筛选中的应用。
Derivation of haploid embryonic stem cells from mouse embryos.
Leeb M, Wutz A.
Wellcome Trust Centre for Stem Cell Research, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK.
Abstract
Most animals are diploid, but haploid-only and male-haploid (such as honeybee and ant) species have been described. The diploid genomes of complex organisms limit genetic approaches in biomedical model species such as mice. To overcome this problem, experimental induction of haploidy has been used in fish. Haploid development in zebrafish has been applied for genetic screening. Recently, haploid pluripotent cell lines from medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) have also been established. In contrast, haploidy seems less compatible with development in mammals. Although haploid cells have been observed in egg cylinder stage parthenogenetic mouseembryos, most cells in surviving embryos become diploid. Here we describe haploid mouse embryonic stem cells and show their application in forward genetic screening.
Nature. 2011 Sep 7. doi: 10.1038/nature10448. [Epub ahead of print]
https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-464637-486551.html
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