http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_M._Steinman   
 Ralph Marvin Steinman (January 14, 1943 – September 30, 2011[1]) was an immunologist and cell biologist at Rockefeller University, who in 1973 coined the term dendritic cells while working as a postdoc in the lab of Zanvil A. Cohn, also at Rockefeller University.[2] In 2011 he received one-half of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for "his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity" (the other half went to Bruce Beutler and Jules A. Hoffmann for "their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity").[3] (The Nobel Prize is not normally given posthumously unless "a prizewinner dies before he has received the prize, then the prize may be presented.")[4]    Steinman received numerous other awards and recognitions for his life-long work on dendritic cells, such as the Albert Lasker Award For Basic Medical Research (2007), the Gairdner Foundation International Award (2003), and the Cancer Research Institute William B. Coley Award (1998). In addition, he was made a member of Institute of Medicine (U.S.A.; elected 2002) and the National Academy of Sciences (U.S.A.; elected 2001).    Steinman received a Bachelor of Science degree from McGill University and received his MD in 1968 from Harvard Medical School. He completed his internship and residency at Massachusetts General Hospital.[5]

相关专题：2011诺贝尔奖
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