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奥巴马2015年财政预算拟增加研究经费投入
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美国总统奥巴马3月4日发布2015 年财政预算案建议，几乎不会有人对此满意。3.9万亿美元预算超过国会期望560亿美元，这立刻招来国会的迅速反弹。在这一预算建议中，关键学术机构的预算包括NIH、NSF没有减少。联邦研究和发展经费投入将增加1.2%，53亿美元。这些钱将通过增加富人税收和削减农产品补贴，这似乎不可能获得国会的同意。
白宫科学与技术政策办公室主任John Holdren说“我认为我们比政府其他领域的预算要好，但仍不是最满意”。但在财政紧缩的年度，肯定不能让人乐观。美国细胞生物学学会公共政策主任Kevin Wilson说，没有足够的经费支持所有研究项目。2015年预算中，NIH可以分享到302亿美元，比2014年多2亿美元。NIH院长Francis Collins说，只要有增加就高兴。显然，这些机构负责人都不会忘记2013年的财政困局。他说，虽然现在仍没有从完全恢复，但已经从泥潭中爬起来了。
How science agencies fared in the budget ($US millions).
Agency | 2013 actual* | 2014 estimated | 2015 request | Details |
Biomedical research and public health | ||||
National Institutes of Health | 29,001 | 30,003 | 30,203 | Includes $100 million for Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies initiative. |
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | 5,503 | 5,882 | 5,474 | $30 million would be set aside for research on emerging infectious diseases and the roots of antibiotic resistance. |
Food and Drug Administration | 2,386 | 2,640† | 2,584 | Overall $4.8 billion budget includes roughly $2.6 billion from user fees. |
Physical sciences | ||||
National Science Foundation | 7,105 | 7,142 | 7,300 | Social science programmes would get a 5.8% boost. |
NASA (science) | 4,782 | 5,151 | 4,972 | Grounds the SOFIA airborne observatory while keeping the James Webb Space Telescope on track for a 2018 launch |
Department of Energy Office of Science | 4,679 | 5,066 | 5,111 | Funding for basic energy sciences would increase by 5% to $1.8 billion. |
Earth and environment | ||||
Environmental Protection Agency | 8,449 | 8,200 | 7,890 | Cuts $581 million from programme to aid state drinking water and wastewater projects. |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | 4,906 | 5,322 | 5,497 | Includes $2 billion for the agency's next generation of weather satellites. |
US Geological Survey | 1,068 | 1,032 | 1,073 | Funding for climate change science research would increase 37%, to $67.6 million. |
*2013 figuresinclude the roughly 5% across-the-board cut arising from the sequester.†Includes one-time transfer of $79 million in user fees.
https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-41174-773348.html
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