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Resiniferatoxin(RTX,超强辣素,AbMole,M8144)是一种超强效的Capsaicin(辣椒碱,AbMole,M3422)类似物,主要作为瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1(TRPV1)的激动剂,通过激活TRPV1受体导致钙离子内流,从而诱导神经末梢脱敏或消融,影响痛觉信号传导[1]。Resiniferatoxin在大鼠(Sprague-Dawley)模型中,注射后可显著减少心脏交感神经活动(CSNA)并改善电生理参数,如逆转动作电位时程延长和减少心室心律失常的发生[1];Resiniferatoxin( CAS No.:404-86-4)在膀胱传入神经的研究中,皮下注射后(0.3 mg/kg)能脱敏大鼠的Aδ-和C-纤维机械敏感性传入神经[2]。
Resiniferatoxin在细胞模型中,用于研究TRPV1功能[3];Resiniferatoxin在HEK293细胞中能介导AP-1转录因子活性,而不引起细胞死亡[4]。此外,Resiniferatoxin在动物模型中用于诱导神经病理性疼痛,如在大鼠腹腔注射后可上调Schwann细胞中μ-calpain的表达,导致髓鞘碱性蛋白降解和机械性痛觉异常,而Calpain抑制剂MDL28170能缓解此效应;在抗炎研究中,Resiniferatoxin处理能降低小鼠(BALB/c)旋毛虫感染模型中的血清TNF-α、NO和PGE水平,以及血液嗜酸性粒细胞百分比,同时减少肌肉寄生虫负担[5]。上述这些应用证实了Resiniferatoxin(RTX,超强辣素,AbMole,M8144)在神经科学和炎症研究中具有重要的价值。
参考文献及鸣谢
[1] Wu, Y.; Hu, Z.; Wang, D.; et al. Resiniferatoxin reduces ventricular arrhythmias in heart failure via selectively blunting cardiac sympathetic afferent projection into spinal cord in rats. European journal of pharmacology 2020, 867, 172836.
[2] Aizawa, N.; Fukuhara, H.; Fujimura, T.; et al. Direct influence of systemic desensitization by resiniferatoxin on the activities of Adelta- and C-fibers in the rat primary bladder mechanosensitive afferent nerves. International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association 2016, 23 (11), 952-956.
[3] Barbero, R.; Vercelli, C.; Cuniberti, B.; et al. Expression of functional TRPV1 receptor in primary culture of canine keratinocytes. Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics 2018, 41 (6), 795-804.
[4] Backes, T. M.; Rossler, O. G.; Hui, X.; et al. Stimulation of TRPV1 channels activates the AP-1 transcription factor. Biochemical pharmacology 2018, 150, 160-169.
[5] Munoz-Carrillo, J. L.; Munoz-Escobedo, J. J.; Maldonado-Tapia, C. H.; et al. Resiniferatoxin lowers TNF-alpha, NO and PGE(2) in the intestinal phase and the parasite burden in the muscular phase of Trichinella spiralis infection. Parasite immunology 2017, 39 (1).
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