01  论文基本信息

《智能化农业装备学报（中英文）》2023年第4卷第1期“智能化养殖关键技术与装备”专题刊载了南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院、南京农业大学工学院 赵思琪，丁为民的论文——水产养殖精准投喂关键技术研究进展。该研究由江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20210670)资助。

02  引文信息

引用格式如下，欢迎大家阅读、引用。

赵思琪, 丁为民. 水产养殖精准投喂关键技术研究进展[J]. 智能化农业装备学报（中英文）, 2023, 4(1): 42-53.

Zhao Siqi, Ding Weimin. Research progress on key technology of precision feeding in aquaculture[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2023, 4(1): 42-53.

DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2023.01.005

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03  论文研究内容

摘要：饲料是水产养殖最主要的成本支出，基于摄食福利的精准投喂是水产养殖业研究的重点和难点。根据养殖动物行为、生长状况等参数变化明晰量化鱼类摄食需求，并以直观的形式呈献给决策者以指导精准作业，是解决上述难题的根本途径。在系统化文献分析基础上，对国内外水产养殖精准投喂关键技术研究进展进行剖析，从作业原理、适用模式、技术特点等角度出发重点总结了基于摄食行为、非摄食行为、自需摄食等精准投喂研究方法的具体实施过程及应用场景，对各方法所涉及的关键技术要点及其局限性做了深入分析，由于复杂多变的养殖环境和鱼类行为的不确定性，实现鱼类精准投喂仍面临系列挑战。质量和效率难以同步提升、投喂决策模型普适性不足、实施成本接受度不足等问题仍然突出。今后，应从监测质量和效率、决策模型、实施成本3个方面进一步提升传感器检测精度及拓展功能，优化算法模型处理效率，融合各类精准投喂技术优势，以“何时吃(摄食节律)—吃多少(摄食需求特性)—怎样吃(进食食欲强度变化规律)”的逻辑主线开展系统性研究，做到养殖对象—饲料—机具系统的高效统一，可根据养殖对象、养殖模式、养殖环境等差异，科学制定投喂模式，实现养殖效益和环境效益的最大化，助力我国水产养殖高质量健康发展。

关键词：水产养殖, 福利化养殖, 精准投喂, 摄食需求, 摄食行为

Abstract: Feed is the most important cost of aquaculture. Precise feeding based on feeding welfare is the focus and difficulty of aquaculture research. The fundamental way to solve the above-mentioned problems is to clarify the characteristic parameters such as feeding demand and feeding rhythm, and present them to decision makers in an intuitive form to guide production. On the basis of systematic literature analysis, the paper deeply analyzes the research progress and development trend of precision feeding technology in aquaculture at home and abroad, and summarizes the specific implementation process and application scenarios of precision feeding research methods based on feeding behavior, non-feeding behavior, self-demand feeding from the perspectives of operating principles, applicable models, and technical characteristics. Based on the scenarios, the key technical points and limitations involved in each method are analyzed in depth. In view of the complex and changeable breeding environment and the uncertainty of fish behavior, realizing accurate feeding of fish still faces a series of challenges. Some problems are still outstanding, such as the difficulty of simultaneous improvement of quality and efficiency, over generalization of feeding decision model, and insufficient acceptance of implementation costs. In the future, from the three aspects of monitoring quality and efficiency, decision-making model, and implementation cost, it is necessary to further improve the sensor detection accuracy and expand functions, to optimize the processing efficiency of algorithm models, and to integrate the advantages of various precision feeding technologies. Systematic research should be carried out based on the logic line of “when to eat (feeding rhythm)-how much to eat (feeding demand characteristics)-how to eat” to achieve efficient and unified system of breeding object-feed-equipment, which can scientifically formulate the feeding mode based on breeding objects, farming models, and farming environment so as to maximize the breeding and environmental benefits, and help the high-quality and healthy development of aquaculture in China.

Keywords: aquaculture, welfare culture, precision feeding, feeding demand, feeding behavior

04  作者简介

第一作者：赵思琪，山东菏泽人，博士，讲师；研究方向为智能农机装备设计。E-mail：sqzhao@nufe.edu.cn

通讯作者：丁为民，安徽合肥人，博士，教授；研究方向为智能农机装备设计及理论。E-mail：wmding@njau.edu.cn

《智能化农业装备学报（中英文）》是经国家新闻出版署批准，中华人民共和国农业农村部主管、农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所主办的农业工程类学术期刊。中国工程院罗锡文院士担任编辑委员会主任委员。国内统一刊号：CN 32-1887/S2国际标准刊号：ISSN 2096-7217

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