The molecular and genetic regulation of shoot branching

第一作者：Zhiwei Luo

第一单位：新西兰皇家植物和食物研究所

通讯作者：Kimberley C Snowden

 Abstract 

The architecture of flowering plants exhibits both phenotypic diversity and plasticity, in part determined by the number and activity of axillary meristems and in part by the growth characteristics of the branches that develop from the axillary buds. The plasticity of shoot branching results from a combination of various intrinsic and genetic elements, such as number and position of nodes and type of growth phase, as well as environmental signals such as nutrient availability, light characteristics, and temperature. Axillary meristem initiation and axillary bud outgrowth are controlled by a complex and interconnected regulatory network. Although many of the genes and hormones that modulate branching patterns have been discovered and characterised through genetic and biochemical studies, there are still many gaps in our understanding of the control mechanisms at play. In this review we will summarise our current knowledge of the control of axillary meristem initiation and outgrowth into a branch.

有花植物的结构存在表型多样性和可塑性，其中部分是由腋生分生组织的数量和活性所决定的，部分是由从腋芽发育形成的侧枝的生长特性所决定的。分枝的可塑性由多个不同的内因和遗传因素所决定，比如节的数目和位置以及生长阶段，同时还有诸如营养、光以及温度等环境因子。腋生分生组织起始和腋芽向外生长是由复杂的、相互关联的调控网络所控制的。尽管，目前已经通过遗传和生化试验鉴定了多个调控分枝的基因和激素，但是仍然存在未知的空白。本文综述了目前我们对于腋生分生组织起始和向外生长以形成分枝的调控机制已有的认知。

doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab071

Journal: Plant Physiology

Published date: Feb 22, 2021