The growth of electronic publication and informatics archives makes it possible to harvest vast quantities of knowledge about knowledge, or “metaknowledge.” We review the expanding scope of metaknowledge research, which uncovers regularities in scientific claims and infers the beliefs, preferences, research tools, and strategies behind those regularities. Metaknowledge research also investigates the effect of knowledge context on content. Teams and collaboration networks, institutional prestige, and new technologies all shape the substance and direction of research. We argue that as metaknowledge grows in breadth and quality, it will enable researchers to reshape science—to identify areas in need of reexamination, reweight former certainties, and point out new paths that cut across revealed assumptions, heuristics, and disciplinary boundaries.

    随着电子出版物和信息资源的快速增长,我们获取大量知识和"元知识"成为可能。本文回顾了元知识研究的扩展范围，揭示了科学主张和观点的推断，优先权、研究工具、研究策略等背后的规律。元知识研究还调查了在内容上的知识背景的影响。团队和合作网络、机构声誉和新技术都形成了研究的内容和方向。我们探讨了元知识在广度和质量方面的发展情况，这样可以使研究者重新审视科学知识：如识别需要重新考查的领域，对原来的确定的事实重新评估，通过跨越原来的假设、直观判断和学科的边界找到新的路径。（内容还在研究读当中，翻译不足处请大家指正）

作者从下面四个方面论述了有关内容：

Patterns of Scientific Content

Implicit Preferences, Heuristics, and Assumptions

Knowledge Context