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MTW是学广义相对论的宝典(Charles W. MISNER, Kip S. THORNE, John Archibald WHEELER, Gravitation, W. H. FREEMAN AND COMPANY San Francisco, 1973)——1300多页的课本,可能找不出第二本(Weinberg的三大卷QFT做成一本,大概有那个分量)——如果不在读书的时候把它读一遍,可能就永远不会去读它,而会把它当一个儿时的玩具或学生时代的纪念册。
这样的大典课本,还有很多(“重力”不一定都那么大)。中学时,我有过一套法国的初等数学课本,囊括了算数、代数、几何(平面和立体分开)和三角,其中《平面几何》一卷,是大数学家Hadamard主编的,令我这小蝌蚪看到了大海。后来见过的大典,今天都还在,如斯米尔诺夫的《高等数学》、Spivak的《微分几何》(沉沉的五大卷,才是introduction,苦啊),Landau的(也许还有吴大猷的)理论物理(我最喜欢《统计物理》那一卷),普通的还有Feynman的讲义——读过这三卷的同学肯定不少,但更应该读它的是不学物理的同学。这些书虽然难进课堂,但我们未必就真的超越它们了;它们其实也一直浮现在读过它们的人的眼前,至今还能在书店看到它们的新印本。不管做什么的,只要认得它,偶然读几行,说不定还能打通某些思维经络的节点(有吗)。
闲扯一堆,都是因为又看了几页MTW,想起当年曾复印了最后一章做纪念,它的标题就是“超越”, Beyond the end of time——内容也很“哲学”:
To speak of "reprocessing and selection" may only be a halfway point on the road toward thinking of the universe as Leibniz did, as a world of relationships, not a world of machinery. Far from being brought into its present condition by "reprocessing" from earlier cycles, may the universe in some strange sense be "brought into being" by the participation of those who participate? On this view the concept of "cycles" would even seem to be altogether wrong. Instead the vital act is the act of participation. "Participator" is the incontrovertible new concept given by quantum mechanics; it strikes down the term "observer" of classical theory, the man who stands safely behind the thick glass wall and watches what goes on without taking part. It can't be done, quantum mechanics says. Even with the lowly electron one must participate before one can give any meaning whatsoever to its position or its momentum. Is this firmly established result the tiny tip of a giant iceberg? Does the universe also derive its meaning from "participation"? Are we destined to return to the great concept of Leibniz, of "preestablished harmony" ("Leibniz logic loop"), before we can make the next great advance?
40年前提到的问题,今天不仅没有答案,而且似乎更加混乱,当然也更加有趣。关于量子论意义的“参与”,关于“前定和谐”,还有关于cycle(Penrose近年有新的感悟),真的是beyond the end of physics了。
图中的法国歌名是“我和你有约”,Georges Brassens(1921-1981)是著名的法国歌手、诗人,也是法国的象征性人物。我没听过那首歌,不知道和这图有什么关系。
最后,作者画了一个大脑分区地图,分布着与引力有关的课题。这个图今天显然需要重画,很多东西要挤在一个小角落里,而把更多的空间留给新来的participator……
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