(1) 陈述论文的论点和作者的观点, 常用词汇有: suggest, report, present, explain, expect, describe等.

The results suggest that abnormalities in male sex development induced by p,p'-DDE and related environmental chemicals may be mediated at the level of the androgen receptor. [Nature, 1995, 375(6532): 581-585]

In this study, we describe a psychobiological model of the structure and development of personality that accounts for dimensions of both temperament and character. [Archives of General Psychiatry, 1993, 50(12): 975-990]

We report here that immature thymocytes lacking p53 die normally when exposed to compounds that may mimic T-cell receptor engagement and to glucocorticoids but are resistant to the lethal effects of ionizing radiation. [Nature, 1993, 362(6423): 847-849]

We present the derivation of a new molecular mechanical force field for simulating the structures, conformational energies, and interaction energies of proteins, nucleic acids, and many related organic molecules in condensed phases. [Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1995, 117(19): 5179-5197]

Exciting new research has elaborated several important and unexpected findings that explain mechanisms involved in the activation of NF-kappa B. [Annual Review of Immunology, 1996, 14: 649-683]

We expect the uncertainties in the relative ages to be about 25%, although the absolute errors may be larger. [Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1993, 275(1): 101-152]

(2) 阐明论证. 常用词汇有: support, provide, indicate, identify, find, demonstrate, confirm, clarify等.

We showed that it is possible to identify constituents which represent only 1% of the total population. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1993, 59(3): 695-700

These results demonstrate that p53 is required for radiation-induced cell death in the thymus but is not necessary for all forms of apoptosis. [Nature, 1993, 362(6423): 847-849]

Our conclusions are supported by a rigorous statistical analysis of hundreds of millions of high quality Ethernet traffic measurements collected between 1989 and 1992, coupled with a discussion of the underlying mathematical and statistical properties of self-similarity and their relationship with actual network behavior. [IEEE-ACM Transactions on Networking, 1994, 2(1): 1-15]

Here we provide evidence from direct experimental manipulation of diversity by over an order of magnitude, using multi-trophic level communities and simultaneous measures of several ecosystem processes, that reduced biodiversity may indeed alter the performance of ecosystems. [Nature, 1994, 368(6473): 734-737]

Hybridization with human DNA and RNA indicates a high degree of conservation of these genes in other vertebrates. [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1992, 89(14): 6511-6515]

Our studies indicate that major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes are activated in response to newly synthesized antigens, leading to destruction of virus infected cells and loss of transgene expression. [Journal of Virology, 1995, 69(4): 2004-2015]

We find consistent calibration using the B-R color distribution of a sample of the 106 brightest cluster ellipticals, as well as a sample of 384 ellipticals with B-V and Mg line strength measurements. [Astrophysical Journal, 1998, 500(2): 525-553]

We find that p21 inhibits the activity of each member of the cyclin/CDK family. [Nature, 1993, 366(6456): 701-704]

Finally, we demonstrate that deregulated c-myc expression induces apoptosis in cells growth arrested by a variety of means and at various points in the cell cycle. [Cell, 1992, 69(1): 119-128]

Here we present records of sea surface temperature from North Atlantic sediments spanning the past 90 kyr which contain a series of rapid temperature oscillations closely matching those in the ice-core record, confirming predictions that the ocean must bear the imprint of the Dansgaard-Oeschger events2,3. [Nature, 1993, 365(6442): 143-147]

We clarify how this trade-off is intimately involved in the evolution of secondary sexual characteristics and how it may explain some of the equivocal empirical results that have surfaced in attempts to quantify parasite’s effect on sexual selection. [American Naturalist, 1992, 139(3): 603-622]

(3) 推荐和建议, 常用词汇有: suggest, suggestion, recommend, recommendation, propose, necessity, necessary, expect等.

The authors suggest that the most promising route to effective strategies for the prevention of adolescent alcohol and other drug problems is through a risk-focused approach. [Psychological Bulletin, 1992, 112(1): 64-105]

We propose two algorithms to estimate the significance level for a test of HWP. [Biometrics, 1992, 48(2): 361-372]

We suggest that information maximization provides a unifying framework for problems in “blind” signal processing. [Neural Computation, 1995, 7(6): 1129-1159]

This article suggests that delinquency conceals 2 distinct categories of individuals, each with a unique natural history and etiology: A small group engages in antisocial behavior of 1 sort or another at every life stage, whereas a larger group is antisocial only during adolescence. [Psychological Review, 1993, 100(4): 674-701]

For the gene, we recommend that the italicized root symbol ‘CYP’ for human (‘Cyp’ for mouse and Drosophila), representing ‘cytochrome P450’, be followed by an Arabic number denoting the family, a letter designating the subfamily (when two or more exist), and an Arabic numeral representing the individual gene within the subfamily. [Pharmacogenetics, 1996, 6(1): 1-42]

We propose that the formation of these materials takes place by means of a liquid-crystal ‘templating’ mechanism, in which the silicate material forms inorganic walls between ordered surfactant micelles. [Nature, 1992, 359(6397): 710-712]

We propose a new framework for solving the hierarchy problem which does not rely on either supersymmetry or technicolor. [Physics Letters B, 1998, 429(3-4): 263-270]

In this paper, another variant of Bi-CG is proposed which does not seem to suffer from these negative effects. [SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing, 1992, 13(2): 631-644]

I expect that R(T)free will provide a measure of the information content of recently proposed models of thermal motion and disorder 6-8, time-averaging 9 and bulk solvent 10. [Nature, 1992, 355(6359): 472-475]

摘编自《英语科技论文撰写与投稿》(任胜利编著, 科学出版社, 2008年第6次印刷)

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