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铁沉积和帕金森病及阿尔茨海默病之间的关联

已有 5616 次阅读 2016-12-12 12:59 |个人分类:神经科学临床和基础|系统分类:观点评述| style, justify, 帕金森病


铁沉积和AD、PD之间的关联


前言

   铁是一种人体必需的微量金属元素,其参与细胞和组织的多个生物学过程,尤其在血红蛋白合成、氧化还原反应和能量代谢等过程中扮演着重要的角色。

   铁缺乏最常见的是引起缺铁性贫血,为小细胞低色素性贫血。由于铁是血红蛋白合成的必需元素,铁缺乏后导致血红素合成障碍,进而导致红细胞中血红蛋白含量下降和红细胞携氧能力的下降。铁过量之后,则可能导致铁在全身多个器官的沉积,如肝脏、心脏、大脑等,进而造成多个系统的功能障碍。

   但是机体局部铁的代谢障碍也可能参与多种疾病的发生,比如血液系统疾病和神经变性病。

   铁代谢障碍在神经变性病中的研究由来已久,在上世纪80~90年代的时候,铁被试验用于治疗阿尔茨海默病,如去铁胺、去铁酮等铁离子螯合剂等都被又很多报道。但是,最终结果是不令人满意的。近年来一直有研究在持续的报道神经变性病中的铁代谢障碍在疾病的发生与发展中扮演重要的角色,我们今天就来探讨一下铁代谢障碍和神经变性疾病,尤其是帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病之间的关系。


铁和帕金森病

  1. 最新研究揭示帕金森病患者的全脑铁沉积;

    The whole-brain pattern of magnetic susceptibility perturbations in Parkinson's disease. Brain.

  2. 铁代谢障碍在中脑多巴胺能神经元中更加显著;

    Iron and dopamine: a toxic couple. Brain.

  3. 铁代谢障碍、多巴胺以及神经褪黑素共同参与脑衰老和帕金森病的发生;

    Interactions of iron, dopamine and neuromelanin pathways in brain aging and Parkinson's disease. Progess in neurobiology.

  4. 早期铁暴露可能增加神经变性疾病的发生风险,尤其是帕金森病;

    Is early-life iron exposure critical in neurodegeneration? Nature review neurology.

    The role of iron and copper molecules in the neuronal vulnerability of locus coeruleus and substantia nigra during aging.PNAs.

  5. tau蛋白缺陷可能通过抑制APP介导的铁输出进而导致帕金森病伴痴呆;

    Tau deficiency induces parkinsonism with dementia by impairing APP-mediated iron export. Nature medicine.

  6. 血清铜蓝蛋白水平下降加重PD黑质铁沉积;

    Decreased serum ceruloplasmin levels characteristically aggravate nigral iron deposition inParkinson's disease.Brain.

  7. DMT1可能通过诱导黑质铁沉积进而促进PD神经变性;

    Divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) contributes to neurodegeneration in animal models ofParkinson's disease. PNAs.

  8. 中脑铁含量增加是PD的一个生物标志物;

    Midbrain iron content in early Parkinson disease: a potential biomarker of disease status.Neurology.

    Brain iron deposition in Parkinson's disease imaged using the PRIME magnetic resonance sequence.Brain.

  9. 即使是中脑中的单个多巴胺能神经元也存在铁水平的增加;

    Individual dopaminergic neurons show raised iron levels in Parkinson disease.Neurology.

  10. 铁、衰老和神经变性疾病密切相关;

    Iron, brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders.Nature review neuroscience.

  11. 摄入过多的铁可能会增加PD发生风险;

    Parkinson's disease risks associated with dietary iron, manganese, and other nutrient intakes.Brain.

  12. 促进铁螯合可以防止MPTP诱导的PD神经元变性;

    Genetic or pharmacological iron chelation prevents MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in vivo: a novel therapy for Parkinson's disease.Neuron.

  13. 铁含量在PD患者基底节中也显著增加;

    Iron in the basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease. An in vitro study using extended X-ray absorption fine structure and cryo-electron microscopy.Brain.


铁和阿尔茨海默病

  1. 铁可能是AD和APOE4病理关联之间的一个中介;

    Alzheimer disease: Iron--the missing link between ApoE and Alzheimer disease?Nat Rev Neurol.

  2. APP是铁输出转运体,而锌可以抑制APP的作用;

    Iron-export ferroxidase activity of β-amyloid precursor protein is inhibited by zinc in Alzheimer's disease.Cell.

  3. 铁在AD病理生理中扮演重要角色,因此可以作为治疗靶点;

    Iron dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease: multimodal brain permeable iron chelating drugs, possessing neuroprotective-neurorescue and amyloid precursor protein-processing regulatory activities as therapeutic agents.Progress in neurobiology.

  4. AD中铁沉积是氧化应激的一个重要来源;

    Iron accumulation in Alzheimer disease is a source of redox-generated free radicals.PNAs.

  5. 铁结合蛋白P97在AD中显著增加;

    Serum levels of the iron binding protein p97 are elevated in Alzheimer's disease.Nat Med.

  6. 在AD患者脑组织的神经元纤维缠结中存在铁沉积;

    Selective accumulation of aluminum and iron in the neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease: a laser microprobe (LAMMA) study.Ann Neurol.






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