身体锻炼对大脑结构、功能和疾病预防的作用

Exercise Is Medicine

1. 身体锻炼可以改变大脑结构

1.1 身体锻炼增加影响海马体积；

Multi-modal characterization of rapid anterior hippocampal  volume increase associated with aerobicexercise.

The hippocampus and exercise: histological correlates of MR-detected volume changes.

1.2 身体锻炼可以增加后扣带回的灰质体积；

Therapeutically relevant structural and functional mechanisms triggered by physical and cognitiveexercise.

1.3 运动可以影响海马星型胶质细胞结构；

Physical exercise induces structural alterations in the hippocampal astrocytes: exploring the role of BDNF-TrkB signaling.

1.4 运动可以影响海马微血管结构和功能；

Effects of voluntary exercise on structure and function of cortical microvasculature.

1.5 运动可以促进神经细胞新生；

Mental and physical skill training increases neurogenesis via cell survival in the adolescent hippocampus.

2. 身体锻炼可以改变大脑功能

2.1 身体锻炼可以引起人类皮层特征反应性改变；

Acute Exercise Modulates Feature-selective Responses in Human Cortex.

Acute aerobic exercise modulates primary motor cortex inhibition.

2.2 身体锻炼可以改变大脑功能性连接；

Therapeutically relevant structural and functional mechanisms triggered by physical and cognitiveexercise.

2.3 身体锻炼可以促进大脑中BDNF释放；

BDNF Responses in Healthy Older Persons to 35 Minutes of Physical Exercise, Cognitive Training, and Mindfulness: Associations with Working Memory Function.

Relationships between serum BDNF and the antidepressant effect of acute exercise in depressed women.

The Effect of Exercise Training on Resting Concentrations of Peripheral Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF): A Meta-Analysis.

2.4 运动可以影响海马的可塑性改变；

Effect of exercise, exercise withdrawal, and continued regular exercise on excitability and long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus.

Aerobic Exercise as a Tool to Improve Hippocampal Plasticity and Function in Humans: Practical Implications for Mental Health Treatment.

2.5 运动可以提高执行功能；

Acute effects of moderate aerobic exercise on specific aspects of executive function in different age and fitness groups: A meta-analysis.

3. 身体锻炼可以延缓甚至治愈疾病

3.1 身体锻炼可以改善MS患者的记忆、海马粘滞弹性和身体指标；

Exercise training effects on memory and hippocampal viscoelasticity in multiple sclerosis: a novel application of magnetic resonance elastography.

Effects of exercise on Irisin, BDNF and IL-6 serum levels in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis.

3.2 运动可以改善高脂肪饮食诱导的AD小鼠模型损伤；

Exercise Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Disease Progression in 3xTg-AD Mice.

3.3 运动可以改变超重和肥胖个体的尿BDNF水平和认知功能；

Effect of Training Exercise on Urinary Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels and Cognitive Performances in Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Pilot Study.

3.4 尚无足够证据支持运动可以改善TBI患者认知功能，但对于慢性脑损伤可能有益处；

Delayed voluntary exercise does not enhance cognitive performance after hippocampal injury: an investigation of differentially distributed exercise protocols.

The role of physical exercise in cognitive recovery after traumatic brain injury: A systematic review.

A systematic review of the effect of physical exercise on cognition in stroke and traumatic braininjury patients.

3.5 运动可以对抗PD模型小鼠的神经炎症反应和影响运动学习功能网络连接；

Neuroprotective effects of endurance exercise against neuroinflammation in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mice.

Influence of aerobic exercise training on the neural correlates of motor learning in Parkinson's disease individuals.

3.6 运动可以改善抑郁症患者的症状和认知功能；

Pilot Study of an Exercise Intervention for Depressive Symptoms and Associated Cognitive-Behavioral Factors in Young Adults With Major Depression.

3.7 运动可以减少应激和焦虑；

Physical activity and anxiety: A perspective from the World Health Survey.

Physical Exercise Counteracts Stress-induced Upregulation of Melanin-concentrating Hormone in the Brain and Stress-induced Persisting Anxiety-like Behaviors.

3.8 运动可以促进神经再生并提高认知功能；

Physical exercise induces hippocampal neurogenesis and prevents cognitive decline.

3.9 有氧运动可能对精神分裂症患者的认知功能有益；

Aerobic Exercise in People with Schizophrenia: Neural and Neurocognitive Benefits.

Physical Activity Levels and Psychosis: A Mediation Analysis of Factors Influencing Physical Activity Target Achievement Among 204 186 People Across 46 Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Aerobic Exercise Improves Cognitive Functioning in People With Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

3.10 跑步机运动促进脊髓损伤动物模型的功能恢复；

Treadmill exercise facilitates recovery of locomotor function through axonal regeneration following spinal cord injury in rats.

3.11 卒中后早期运动可以促进记忆功能恢复；

Exercise in the Early Stage after Stroke Enhances Hippocampal Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression and Memory Function Recovery.

3.12 孕妇妊娠期间适当运动促进新生儿大脑成熟；

Exercise during pregnancy enhances cerebral maturation in the newborn: A randomized controlled trial.

3.13 运动可以对抗放射性损伤；

Neuro-oncology: Exercise could help to counteract radiation damage in children with braintumours.

3.14 运动有益于早期阿尔茨海默病患者的预防和治疗。

The Benefits of Exercise and Metabolic Interventions for the Prevention and Early Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

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