牵引式油莎豆联合收获机的设计与试验

陈文辉^1,2,3，费佳明^1,2,3，高建平^1,2,3，坎杂^1,2,3，黄立东⁴，蒙贺伟^1,3*，戚江涛^1,2*

(1. 石河子大学机械电气工程学院，石河子832000，新疆，中国；

2. 绿洲特色经济作物生产机械化教育部工程研究中心，石河子832000，新疆，中国；

3. 农业农村部西北农业装备重点实验室，石河子832000，新疆，中国；

4. 桂林迈克机械有限公司，桂林541000，广西，中国）

摘要：传统的油莎豆收获过程中存在收获效率低、含杂率高、损失率高、劳动强度大等问题。鉴于此，该研究提出了一种“先除沙后分离”的作业模式。并设计了一种牵引式油莎豆联合收获机，能够一次性完成油莎豆块茎的挖掘、除沙及根茎分离工作。

阐述了整机的结构组成与工作原理，并设计了组合振动挖掘装置、输送除沙装置、双层滚筒筛分装置及清选装置等关键部件。通过对组合振动挖掘、输送除沙、双层滚筒筛分及风筛清选过程中的机构运动与物料受力运动进行分析，确定了关键部件的结构参数与运动参数。

田间试验结果表明：在收获机作业速度为1.2 km/h时，整机平均损失率为4.88%，平均含杂率（不含石子）为7.52%，平均挖掘深度≥12.5 cm。试验过程中整机运行稳定可靠，各项指标均满足油莎豆收获机的作业要求。

关键词：油莎豆；振动挖掘装置；输送除沙；双层滚筒筛分；风筛清选

DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20261902.9681

引用信息: Chen W H, Fei J M, Gao J P, Kan Z, Huang L D, Meng H W, et al. Design and experiment of the traction tiger nut combine harvester. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2026; 19(2): 139–151.

阅读全文链接：http://ijabe.net/article/doi/10.25165/j.ijabe.20261902.9681?sessionid=

Design and experiment of the traction tiger nut combine harvester

Wenhui Chen^1,2,3, Jiaming Fei^1,2,3, Jianping Gao^1,2,3, Za Kan^1,2,3, Lidong Huang⁴, Hewei Meng^1,3*, Jiangtao Qi^1,2*

(1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China; 

2. Engineering Research Center for Production Mechanization of Oasis Characteristic Cash Crop, Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China; 

3. Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China; 

4. Guilin Maike Machinery Co., Ltd, Guilin 541000, Guangxi, China)

Abstract: The conventional tiger nuts harvesting method suffers from several drawbacks, including low harvesting efficiency, high levels of impurities, significant loss rates, and excessive labor intensity. To address these issues, a novel operational approach of sand removal first and then separatingwas introduced. A tractor-mounted tiger nuts combine harvester was designed to perform the tasks of excavation, sand removal, and rhizome separation of tiger nut tubers in a single operation. The machine’s overall structure and operational principles are described. It then details the design of critical components, such as the combined vibration digging device, the conveying and sand removal device, the cylinder screening device, and the wind screen cleaning device. The structural and dynamic parameters of these key components were established through an analysis of the mechanism’s motion and the material flow during the combined vibration digging, conveying sand removal, cylinder screening, and wind-screen cleaning processes. Field trials demonstrated the harvester achieved an average loss rate of 4.88%, the average impurity rate (excluding gravel content) of 7.52%, and an average digging depth of ≥12.5 cm. Throughout the testing phase, the machine operated reliably, and the results fulfilled the operational requirements for the tiger nut harvester.

Keywords: tiger nuts, combined vibration digging device, conveying and sand removal device, cylinder screening device, wind-screen cleaning device

DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20261902.9681

Citation: Chen W H, Fei J M, Gao J P, Kan Z, Huang L D, Meng H W, et al. Design and experiment of the traction tiger nut combine harvester. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2026; 19(2): 139–151.

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