中国日光温室太阳辐射环境模型构建及应用

何芬^1,2，丁小明^1,2，张观山³，宫彬彬⁴，齐飞^1,2*

(1.农业农村部规划设计研究院，北京 100125，中国；

2.农业农村部农业设施结构设计与智能建造重点实验室，北京 100125，中国；

3.山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院，泰安 271018，山东，中国；

4. 河北农业大学园艺学院，保定 071001，河北，中国)

摘要：为定量分析日光温室内光辐射环境，选择合理的建筑设计参数，该研究构建了反映温室建设地点、室外光辐射、温室朝向和建筑参数、屋面形状和覆盖材料等多种因素的日光温室太阳辐射环境模型，该模型考虑了阴、晴两种天气条件对室内光辐射环境的影响，建立了室内直接辐射与散射辐射的模拟计算方法。

该方法在计算太阳散射辐射时，分析了地面反射辐射和大气长波辐射的影响；在计算覆盖材料透光率时，通过引入结构遮光损失和薄膜积灰模型分析了遮光和积灰对透光率的影响。在河北永清日光温室对太阳辐射环境模型进行了试验验证，结果表明：模型能较好模拟任意时刻日光温室内地面、墙面等各点的太阳辐射，模拟值和实测值之间平均相对误差为8.19%。基于所建模型分析了日光温室地理位置、方位角及建筑参数对室内太阳辐射的影响，该研究结果可为让日光温室墙体和土壤蓄热、作物种植、围护结构能量平衡提供理论参考。

关键词：日光温室；光辐射环境；太阳辐射模型；地理位置；方位角；建筑参数

DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20251805.9454

引用信息: He F, Ding X M, Zhang G S, Gong B B, Qi F. Construction and application of a solar radiation environment model in Chinese solar greenhouse. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2025; 18(5): 69–75.

点击阅读全文：Construction and application of a solar radiation environment model in Chinese solar greenhouse

Construction and application of a solar radiation environment model in Chinese solar greenhouse

Fen He^1,2, Xiaoming Ding^1,2, Guanshan Zhang³, Binbin Gong⁴, Fei Qi^1,2*

(1. Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China; 

2. Key Laboratory of Farm Building in Structure and Intelligent Construction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China; 

3. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China;

 4. College of Horticulutre, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China)

Abstract: In order to quantitatively analyze the light radiation environment inside Chinese solar greenhouse (CSG) and select reasonable building design parameters, a CSG solar radiation environment model reflecting various factors such as geographical location, outside solar radiation, orientation and building parameters, front roof shape, and covering materials was studied. The model considered the impact of both cloudy and sunny weather conditions on the inside solar radiation environment, and established a simulation calculation method for inside direct radiation and scattered radiation. When calculating solar scattered radiation, the ground reflected radiation and atmospheric longwave radiation were considered. When calculating the transmittance of covering material, a structural shading loss and dust film model was introduced to calculate its impact on the transmittance. The model was validated experimentally in a CSG at Yongqing in Hebei Province, China. The results showed that the model can effectively simulate the solar radiation of various points, such as the ground and wall in the greenhouse, at any time, with an average relative error of 8.19% between the simulated and measured values. Based on the established model, the impact of the geographical location, azimuth angle, and building parameters of CSG on inside solar radiation was analyzed. The research results can provide theoretical references and relevant data for the wall and soil heat storage, crop planting, and energy balance of enclosure structures in CSG.

Keywords: CSG, light radiation environment, solar radiation model, geographical location, azimuth angle, building parameter

DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20251805.9454

Citation: He F, Ding X M, Zhang G S, Gong B B, Qi F. Construction and application of a solar radiation environment model in Chinese solar greenhouse. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2025; 18(5): 69–75.

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