背景回顾：Extreme weather conditions associated with climate change affect many aspects of plant and animal life, including the response to infectious diseases. 

提出问题：Production of salicylic acid (SA), a central plant defence hormone, is particularly vulnerable to suppression by short periods of hot weather above the normal plant growth temperature range via an unknown mechanism. 

主要发现：Here we show that suppression of SA production in Arabidopsis thaliana at 28 °C is independent of PHYTOCHROME B (phyB) and EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), which regulate thermo-responsive plant growth and development. 

结果1-GDAC-GBPL3/SA Mediator-CBP60g/SARD1：Instead, we found that formation of GUANYLATE BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3 (GBPL3) defence-activated biomolecular condensates (GDACs) was reduced at the higher growth temperature. The altered GDAC formation in vivo is linked to impaired recruitment of GBPL3 and SA-associated Mediator subunits to the promoters of CBP60g and SARD1, which encode master immune transcription factors. 

结果2-optimized CBP60g：Unlike many other SA signalling components, including the SA receptor and biosynthetic genes, optimized CBP60g expression was sufficient to broadly restore SA production, basal immunity and effector-triggered immunity at the elevated growth temperature without significant growth trade-offs. CBP60g family transcription factors are widely conserved in plants. 

结论：These results have implications for safeguarding the plant immune system as well as understanding the concept of the plant–pathogen–environment disease triangle and the emergence of new disease epidemics in a warming climate. 

 摘 要 

随着全球气候变化所导致的极端天气条件直接影响了动植物生活的方方面面，其中就包括了动植物对于传染性疾病的响应。水杨酸（SA）是一种参与植物防御响应的核心激素，其特别容易受到短时间高温气候条件的抑制，这种“高温”只要指高于植物正常的生长温度范围，但是具体的机制还不清楚。本文中，作者发现在28℃时拟南芥中SA生成的抑制独立于两个调控植物温感生长和发育的关键因子，即phyB和ELF3。反而，作者发现在较高的生长温度下，类鸟苷酸结合蛋白GBPL3防御激活的生物分子凝聚物GDAC的形成会明显减少。植物体内GDAC形成的改变，与GBPL3和SA相关中介体亚基未能被成功招募到两个主要免疫转录因子CBP60g和SARD1的启动子上有关。与许多其他SA信号转导成分及SA受体和生物合成基因不同，优化的CBP60g表达足以在高温条件下基本恢复SA生成、基础免疫以及效应物触发的免疫，并且不会对植物的生长有负面影响。CBP60g家族转录因子在植物中较为保守。本文的研究结果对于保护植物免疫系统、理解植物-病原菌-环境的疾病三角关系，以及变暖气候中新出现的传染性疾病具有重要意义。

 Sheng Yang He