砂土

Sand

松散的单粒状颗粒，能够见到或感觉到单个砂粒。干时握在手中稍一松手即散落；润时手握成团，但一碰即散。

Sand is loose and single-grained. The individual grains can readily be seen or felt.
Squeezed in the hand when dry it will fall apart when the pressure is released. Squeezed when moist, it will form a cast, but will crumble when touched,

砂壤土

Sandy loam

稍黏着。干时手握成团，但极易散落；润时手握成团后，小心拿起不会破碎。

A sandy loam is a soil containing much sand but which has enough silt and clay to make it somewhat coherent. The individual sand grains can readily be seen and felt. Squeezed when dry, it will form a cast which will readily fall apart, but if squeezed when moist a cast can be formed that will bear careful handling whithout breaking

壤土

Loam

松软，平滑，稍可塑，略有砂粒感。干时手握成团，小心拿起不会碎裂；润时手握成团后，一般性触动不至于碎裂。

A loam is a soil having a relatively even mixture of the different grades of sand and of silt and clay. It is mellow with a somewhat gritty feel, yet fairly smooth and slightly plastic. Squeezed when dry, it will form a cast that will bear careful handling, while the cast formed by squeezing the moist soil can be handled quite freely without breaking. 

粉壤土

Silt loam

干时成块，但易弄碎，粉碎后柔软似面粉；湿时黏结在一起；干或润时所呈团块均可随便拿起而不碎裂；润时以拇指与食指搓捻不成带，呈破裂状。

A silt loam is a soil having a moderate amount of the fine grades of sand and only a small amount of clay, over half of the particles being of the size called "silt". when dry it may appear quite cloddy but the lumps can be readily broken, and when pulverized it feels soft and floury. When wet the soil readily runs together. Either dry or moist it will form casts that can be freely handled without breaking, but when moistened and squeezed between thumb and finger it will not "ribbon" but will give a broken appearance.

黏壤土

Clay loam

常破碎成土块，土块干时坚硬；润时可用拇指和食指搓捻成薄的土带，但易于破裂，很少能经受住它本身的重量；润时可塑，揉捏成团，拿起时更加不易碎裂，反而变成紧实的整体。

A clay loam is a fine textured soil which usually breaks into clods or lumps that are hard when dry. When the moist soil is pinched between the thumb and finger it will form a thin "ribbon” which will break readily, barely sustaining its own weight. The moist soil is plastic and will form a cast that will bear much handling. When kneaded in the hand it does not crumble readily but tends to work into a heavy compact mass.

黏土

Clay

干时为坚硬的土块；湿时极可塑，通常有黏着性；润时可用拇指和食指搓捻成长的柔韧易弯曲土带。

A clay is a fine textured soil that usually forms very hard lumps or clods when dry and is quite plastic and usually sticky when wet. When the moist soil is pinched out between the thumb and fingers it will form a long, flexible “ribbon". Some fine clays very high in colloids are friable and lack plasticity in all conditions of moisture.