ribosome 核糖体是细胞内一种核糖核蛋白颗粒(ribonucleoprotein particle),主要由rRNA和蛋白质构成, 其惟一功能是按照mRNA的指令将氨基酸合成蛋白质多肽链,所以核糖体是细胞内蛋白质合成的分子。Wiki 上介绍是: The ribosome is part of the mechanism that translates the DNA sequence into the protein sequence (proteins are translated from mRNA, mRNA is transcribed from DNA, so DNA is not 'translated' directly into protein).
2009 诺贝尔奖 for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome"
Ada E. Yonath 1/3 of the prize Israel Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel b. 1939
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan 1/3 of the prize United Kingdom MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge, United Kingdom b. 1952 (in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India)
Thomas A. Steitz 1/3 of the prize USA Yale University & Howard Hughes Medical Institute b. 1940