https://www.iaras.org/home/caje/objective-evaluation-of-impedance-matching-theory-versus-wave-mechanics-theory-for-microwave-absorption-a-theoretical-analysis-using-transmission-line-principles-subtitle-a-new-development-of-microwave-theory-in-the-field-of-mater

Yue Liu, Ying Liu, Michael G. B. Drew. Objective Evaluation of Impedance Matching Theory versus Wave Mechanics Theory for Microwave Absorption: A Theoretical Analysis Using Transmission Line Principles Subtitle: A new development of microwave theory in the field of material and device. Journal of Electromagnetics, (2025) ，8, 15-20; Objective Evaluation of Impedance Matching Theory versus Wave Mechanics Theory for Microwave Absorption: A Theoretical Analysis Using Transmission Line Principles

摘要

薄膜中微波吸收的机制是一个有争议的基础理论问题。本研究利用本科水平的传输线理论，对主流阻抗匹配理论和与其对立的波动力学理论进行了严格的理论评价。文章给出了阻抗匹配理论的一个重要逻辑缺陷：当微波完全进入材料时（阻抗匹配理论的核心前提），并不会像该理论所预计的那样出现吸收峰，也就是说阻抗匹配理论的预测与实验观察结果相矛盾。通过分析薄膜的前后两个界面的反射系数的相位和幅度，我们证明了波动力学理论能够通过波的相消干涉，正确地解释所有观察到的现象。计算表明，当入射微波全部被薄膜吸收时，入射微波实际上并没有全部进入薄膜，所有的入射能量是通过相位抵消效应吸收的。这些理论分析结果得到了实验数据的支持，如多重吸收峰、吸收曲线随厚度的波动变化，以及阻抗匹配处反而可以是最小吸收的反常现象。这些结果表明，阻抗匹配理论是对传输线理论的错误解释，而波动力学理论提供了对微波吸收机制的正确物理图像。波动力学理论提出了许多与“常识”相悖的新概念，是微波理论在材料与器件领域的新发展。本研究还揭示了一种有意思的现象：尽管存在明确的数学证据，但可证明的理论错误仍然被学界坚持。

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