图 文 导 读

Figure 1 Graphical abstract

航空复合材料具有高比强度、高比刚度、轻质等优异特性，然而抗冲击性能要求制约其在航空发动机高速冲击工况下的应用。三维编织复合材料是利用编织技术，把经向、纬向及法向的纤维束或纱线编织成整体预制体，然后以预制体作为增强材料进行树脂浸渍固化而形成的复合材料结构。由于增强纤维在三维空间多向分布，与传统层合结构相比，可减缓或阻止冲击载荷作用下复合材料层间裂纹的扩展，改善复合材料抗冲击、剪切和损伤容限性能，对航空发动机复合材料抗冲击性能提升有重要意义。

中国科学院院士、空军工程大学李应红教授团队与西安交通大学陈雪峰教授、周晋教授团队合作在《国际机械系统动力学学报（英文）》（International Journal Mechanical System Dynamics, IJMSD ）发表了“纤维编织增强复合材料抗高速冲击性能在航空发动机应用前景综述”。该文回顾了针对二维、三维机织和编织复合材料抗高速冲击损伤的研究，包括材料表征、冲击性能和损伤机制。通过研究纤维界面脱粘、基体横向裂纹、纤维分层、纤维失效和冲击穿透等失效模式，讨论分析了纺织复合材料的抗冲击损伤机理。研究发现纺织复合材料特别是三维编织复合材料的冲击能量吸收特性和损伤容限优于传统层压或二维编织复合材料；编织复合材料由于编织角度的可变性而表现出优异的剪切性能、抗冲击性和损伤容限，可用于抗冲击损伤容限高要求的航空结构。该文进一步总结并展望纤维增强纺织复合材料在航空发动机中应用的未来发展方向，指出编织预成型件的制备过程效率更高，具有广泛应用前景。该文可为纤维增强纺织复合材料在航空发动机中应用和复合材料轻量化结构应用提供指导。

This paper reviews the development, material characterizations, and applications of fiber reinforced textile composites for aeroengines, focusing on two- and three-dimensional woven and braided composites. The complex damage mechanisms and failure modes of these composite materials due to high-velocity impacts are discussed, including debonding of the fiber interface, transverse crack of the matrix, delamination of the fiber, failure of the fiber, and penetration of the fiber. Compared to laminated composites, the impact energy absorption characteristics and damage tolerance of textile composites, especially the 3D textile composite materials, are generally improved. The braided composites show excellent shear performance, impact resistance, and tolerance due to the variability of the braiding angle, and they are often used in structures with requirements of shear performance and damage tolerance. In contrast, the preparation of the woven preforms is a more efficient process, and leads to a wider application. This review can serve as a guide for analysis and application of fiber‐ einforced polymer textile composites in aero engines as it describes the mechanical performance of woven and braided composites. 

Keywords:

aero engines, damage mechanism, high-velocity impact, textile composites

DOI: 10.1002/msd2.12033

Share this article:

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/msd2.12033

Cite this article: Li Y, Chen X, Zhou J, et al. A review of high-velocity impact on fiber-reinforced textile composites: potential for aero engine applications. Int J Mech Syst Dyn.2022;2(1): 50-64.

该文亮点：

1. 回顾了纤维增强纺织复合材料在材料表征、抗冲击性能和损伤机制的研究进展；
2. 研究发现表面三维编织复合材料抗冲击损伤容限优于二维、三维机织复合材料；
3. 为轻量化结构设计提供指导的同时，展望了纺织复合材料在航空领域应用前景。

Highlights:

1. This paper reviews material characterization, impact resistance and damage mechanisms of woven and braided composites. 
2. The mechanical performance of 3D braided composites is superior to 2D and 3D woven composites.
3. This paper provides a guidance for lightweight design and prospective of textile composites in aerospace application. 

作 者 简 介

备注“姓名-单位-IJMSD读者”

请长按二维码  关注IJMSD