许培扬 肿瘤领域医疗失误国际文献分析报告
2016-05-06
肿瘤领域医疗失误国际文献分析结果如下： 数据来源 http://www.pubmedplus.cn/ 年份 年份趋势图 记录数 占% 01. 2016 & ...(6)次阅读|(0)个评论
研究显示，在2013年，至少有25万美国人不是死于疾病，而是在寻求治疗的时候因为医院或者医生的过错导致死亡。http://news.sina.com.cn/w/zx/2016-05-06/doc-ifxryhhi8428173.shtml
什么是医疗事故？
医疗事故，是指医疗机构及其医务人员在医疗活动中，违反医疗卫生管理法律、行政法规、部门规章和诊疗护理规范、常规，过失造成患者人身损害的事故。
新条例和原办法对医疗事故的界定最明显的差别是什么？
1．原办法和新条例对医疗事故的界定最明显的差别是，前者规定构成医疗事故必须是导致功能障碍，后者规定是过失造成患者人身损害。新规定的医疗事故概念的外延明显比原来宽，凡是违法或者违章医疗行为过失造成患者人身损害都属于医疗事故。过去不能认定为医疗事故的造成人身损害但没有造成功能障碍的医疗损害，现在可以定为医疗事故。
条例规定：损害后果不一定要达到相当程度，比如，拔错牙齿也属医疗事故，当事人可以要求医院赔偿。
2．事故主体不限医生，条例规定：医疗事故主体是医疗机构及其医务人员，比如，在病人治疗过程中，因为医疗设备出现问题，导致病人受到损害也属于医疗事故。
医疗事故的等级如何划分？
根据对患者人身造成的损害程度，医疗事故分为四级：
一级医疗事故：造成患者死亡、重度残疾的；
二级医疗事故：造成患者中度残疾、器官组织损伤导致严重功能障碍的；
三级医疗事故：造成患者轻度残疾、器官组织损伤导致一般功能障碍的；
四级医疗事故：造成患者明显人身损害的其他后果的。
医疗失误研究，美国作者发表的论文分析如下：
数据来源 http://www.pubmedplus.cn/
09.美国巴尔的摩霍普金斯 466 篇2.134% 查看更多
02.Pronovost PJ 68 篇0.311% 10.Gallagher TH 40 篇0.183% 查看更多
01.medical errors 4074 篇18.654% 02.diagnostic errors 2700 篇12.363% 03.reproducibility of results 2022 篇9.258% 04.algorithms 1977 篇9.052% 05.safety management 1577 篇7.221% 06.sensitivity and specificity 1538 篇7.042% 07.medication errors 1446 篇6.621% 08.magnetic resonance imaging 1188 篇5.440% 09.computer simulation 1183 篇5.417% 10.retrospective studies 1002 篇4.588% 查看更多
01.contrast media 170 篇0.778% 03.pharmaceutical preparations 167 篇0.765% 04.anti-bacterial agents 125 篇0.572% 05.biological markers 122 篇0.559% 06.radiopharmaceuticals 115 篇0.527% 08.blood glucose 108 篇0.495% 10.anticoagulants 79 篇0.362% 查看更多
06.先天性遗传性新生儿疾病和畸形 1423 篇6.516% 13.女性泌尿生殖器疾病和妊娠并发症 827 篇3.787% 39.男(雄)性生殖器疾病 350 篇1.603% 47.男(雄)性生殖器肿瘤 287 篇1.314% 01.department of radiology 1269 篇5.810% 02.department of medicine 800 篇3.663% 03.department of radiation oncology 645 篇2.953% 04.department of pathology 631 篇2.889% 05.department of pediatrics 564 篇2.582% 06.department of surgery 480 篇2.198% 07.duke university medical center 336 篇1.538% 08.department of emergency medicine 286 篇1.310% 09.department of neurology 284 篇1.300% 10.department of biomedical engineering 274 篇1.255% 11.department of psychiatry 249 篇1.140% 12.school of medicine 204 篇0.934% 13.department of biostatistics 192 篇0.879% 14.department of internal medicine 183 篇0.838% 15.department of anesthesiology 177 篇0.810% 16.department of obstetrics and gynecology 162 篇0.742% 17.department of electrical and computer engineering 143 篇0.655% 18.department of ophthalmology 143 篇0.655% 19.department of pathology and laboratory medicine 131 篇0.600% 20.vanderbilt university medical center 123 篇0.563% 21.university of nebraska medical center 120 篇0.549% 22.department of medical physics 119 篇0.545% 23.university of texas southwestern medical center 115 篇0.527% 24.beth israel deaconess medical center 111 篇0.508% 25.school of nursing 110 篇0.504% 26.department of psychology 108 篇0.495% 27.department of statistics 98 篇0.449% 28.department of orthopaedic surgery 91 篇0.417% 29.division of cardiology 88 篇0.403% 30.cincinnati children's hospital medical center 86 篇0.394% 31.department of neurosurgery 85 篇0.389% 32.department of electrical engineering 84 篇0.385% 33.department of family medicine 84 篇0.385% 34.school of public health 84 篇0.385% 35.college of medicine 83 篇0.380% 36.department of computer science 79 篇0.362% 37.department of pharmacy 79 篇0.362% 38.children's national medical center 76 篇0.348% 39.department of biomedical informatics 76 篇0.348% 40.memorial sloan-kettering cancer center 74 篇0.339% 41.new york university medical center 74 篇0.339% 42.cedars-sinai medical center 73 篇0.334% 43.college of pharmacy 72 篇0.330% 44.university of pittsburgh medical center 72 篇0.330% 45.department of biochemistry 70 篇0.321% 46.department of dermatology 68 篇0.311% 47.veterans affairs medical center 68 篇0.311% 48.division of biostatistics 67 篇0.307% 49.division of general internal medicine 66 篇0.302% 50.university of rochester medical center 64 篇0.293%
https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-280034-975266.html
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