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Science 论文：“脑部电流刺激确可改善记忆”一文的替代计量分析

已有 2595 次阅读 2014-9-18 08:59 |个人分类:科学计量|系统分类:论文交流

采用替代计量分析的方法http://www.altmetric.com/ ，每日对每篇科学论文的学术影响力进行实时监测。

Altmetrics（替代计量学）用于学术论文评价 http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-280034-824624.html

Altmetrics所具有的客观性，公正、透明性，覆盖、社会性，补充性，实时性特征。通过文献研究、整理，得到在社交媒体中Altmetrics即时测量出的学术论文的影响力，与科技期刊的学术影响力相吻合；在开放存取领域中，Altmetrics学术影响力计量方法已得到认识、关注和应用，并为科技期刊的影响力计量化、可视化评价提供依据。

PlumX所提供的Altmetrics就可以发挥很大的作用，广义的Altmetrics包括五种内容:

(1)使用率(Usage)，如下载(downloads);

(2)获取(Captures)，如书签(bookmarks);

(3)关注(Mentions)，如博客(blogs);

(4)社交媒体(Social Media)，如微博(tweets);

(5)引用(Citations)，如Scopus数据库。

狭义的Altmetrics则仅包含获取、关注以及社交媒体这3项。

Science：脑部电流刺激确可改善记忆（2014年7月23日发表）

美国西北大学医学院最新研究结果显示颅磁刺激通过用磁脉冲（Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation，TMS）进行非损伤性电流传送来刺激特定脑区，可改善记忆，为治疗由中风、早期阿兹海默病、创伤性脑损伤和心跳骤停等引起的记忆损伤，以及健康老龄化中的记忆问题治疗提供了新思路。该研究成果于2014年8月29日发表于Science期刊。

http://www.bio360.net/news/show/11591.html

Targeted enhancement of cortical-hippocampal brain networks and associative memory

¹Department of Medical Social Sciences, Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
²The Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
³Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.

↵*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: joel-voss{at}northwestern.edu

Brain stimulation to improve human memory

The hippocampus is a crucial brain area for certain types of memory. Working with humans, Wang et al. found that a specific type of non-invasive brain stimulation improved memory tests and enhanced information flow between the hippocampus and a number of other brain regions. This increased connectivity was highly specific for the individual target areas selected for each participant.

Science, this issue p. 1054

ABSTRACT

The influential notion that the hippocampus supports associative memory by interacting with functionally distinct and distributed brain regions has not been directly tested in humans. We therefore used targeted noninvasive electromagnetic stimulation to modulate human cortical-hippocampal networks and tested effects of this manipulation on memory. Multiple-session stimulation increased functional connectivity among distributed cortical-hippocampal network regions and concomitantly improved associative memory performance. These alterations involved localized long-term plasticity because increases were highly selective to the targeted brain regions, and enhancements of connectivity and associative memory persisted for ~24 hours after stimulation. Targeted cortical-hippocampal networks can thus be enhanced noninvasively, demonstrating their role in associative memory.