[求证，资料] “热寂说 heat death”的准确的原始文献阐述

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   威廉·汤姆森 William Thomson（开尔文勋爵 Lord Kelvin）于1852年提出了普遍热死的想法。

   The result would inevitably be a state of universal rest and death, if the universe were finite and left to obey existing laws. But it is impossible to conceive a limit to the extent of matter in the universe; and therefore science points rather to an endless progress, through an endless space, of action involving the transformation of potential energy into palpable motion and thence into heat, than to a single finite mechanism, running down like a clock, and stopping for ever. It is also impossible to conceive either the beginning or the continuance of life, without an overruling creative power; and, therefore, no conclusions of dynamical science regarding the future condition of the earth can be held to give dispiriting views as to the destiny of the race of intelligent beings by which it is at present inhabited.

   【机器翻译】如果宇宙是有限的，并且遵守现有的规律，那么结果将不可避免地是一种普遍的休息和死亡状态。但是，不可能想象宇宙中物质的极限；因此，科学更倾向于指向一个无休止的进步，通过一个无止境的空间，将势能转化为可感知的运动，进而转化为热量，而不是指向一个单一的有限机制，像时钟一样向下运行，永远停止。如果没有压倒一切的创造力，也不可能想象生命的开始或延续；因此，动力学科学关于地球未来状况的任何结论都不能对目前居住在地球上的智慧生物种族的命运给出令人沮丧的看法。

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William Thomson, Baron Kelvin of Largs (Lord Kelvin), 1824-06-26 ~ 1907-12-17, 83

https://ar.inspiredpencil.com/pictures-2023/lord-william-thomson-kelvin

  参考资料：

[1] 2022-01-20，热寂说/heat death/罗嘉昌，中国大百科全书，第三版网络版[DB/OL]

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=245315&Type=bkzyb&SubID=137860

[2] 2022-01-20，克劳修斯，R. /Clausius, Rudolf/戴念祖，中国大百科全书，第三版网络版[DB/OL]

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=245315&Type=bkzyb&SubID=137860

[3] 科普中国，2021-12-31，热寂 

https://www.kepuchina.cn/article/articleinfo?business_type=100&classify=0&ar_id=207293

[4] 俞允强. 宇宙演化与热寂说[J]. 物理, 2011, 40(09): 561-565

https://wuli.iphy.ac.cn/article/id/32080

[5] Sir William Thomson (Lord Kelvin). On the Age of the Sun’s Heat [J]. Macmillan's Magazine, vol. 5 (March 5, 1862), pp. 388-393. From reprint in Popular Lectures and Addresses, vol. 1, 2nd edition, pp. 356-375.

https://zapatopi.net/kelvin/papers/on_the_age_of_the_suns_heat.html

[6] 真傻，2024-11-19 06:54，新术语“均寂”：对“热寂”的进一步推广

https://idea.cas.cn/zhhh/sxwlhxytw/sx/info/2024/551462.html

相关链接：

[1] 2023-7-19 16:07，[新术语] 宇宙“均寂”（均匀地寂灭）与“幂集公理”

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1395932.html

[2] 2023-07-05 17:47，[讨论] P对NP（五）：宇宙“热寂”之前，“幂集公理”不会有太大的毛病？

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1394169.html

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