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由于一直比较忙,我最近两年没来科学网了。实际上,抽点时间进行交流对于营造活跃学术氛围很有帮助,有利于推动科学技术的发展。
前两年我曾经写一篇博文如何写出令同行感兴趣的科技论文? 谈及我的两篇文章荣登Top 25 Hottest Articles排行榜。实际上,其中的一篇论文"A review of separation technologies in current and future biorefineries"从发表到现在已连续五年在其所在的期刊高居Top 25 Hottest Articles的前4名,而且大多数季度排在第一。我的另一篇研究论文”Effect of biomass species and plant size on cellulosic ethanol: A comparative process and economic analysis”也曾经在其所在的期刊上榜Top 25 Hottest Articles一年。我认为,有两篇上榜那么长时间,应该不是运气所致,而是长期努力的结果。
2004年以来我的代表性SCI论文、会议论文(报告)及书籍和章节见后面附录。经过统计,我的这些论文至今总共被SCI引用234次,总的影响因子(IF)是24.127. 其中我作为第一作者的论文总共被SCI引用209次,总的影响因子(IF)是15.666。这些成绩在有些博导、教授们面前来说根本不算什么,他们有几百篇论文不奇怪,因为他们属下有很多研究生和年轻教师同时在做实验研究和发表论文,他们是“集团军的将领”,而我仅仅是一位士兵而已,没有可比性。但对于象我这么一位普通的一线研究者和土博士而言,成绩是来之不易的。毕竟所有的具体研究工作都是自己做的,更何况又是工程类专业,影响因子通常相对比较低,而土博士自然在语言方面也很难与美国博士比。由于成绩比较显著,我到美国四年半的时候就获得个人永久居民身份(按杰出人才EB1a类别申请),也得到老板的赏识。此外,由于我的上述两篇论文在Top 25 Hottest Articles上榜(按读者下载文章次数多少排名)并持续很多个季度,引起好几个出版社的关注,我们荣幸地被多家出版社邀请编写或编辑相关书籍。因时间和精力所限,我们只接受了Wiley出版社的邀请,编辑Separation and purification technologies in biorefineries这本书 (已完成,今年3月出书: http://www.amazon.com/Separation-Purification-Technologies-Biorefineries-Ramaswamy/dp/0470977965)。另外,我们还经常被多种期刊编辑约稿。
那么,作为一位普通学者的我是如何做到这些呢?这正是我想要与您交流的地方,这里简要介绍我的一些研究心得。我觉得我之所以能做到这些,是坚持不懈、长期积累的结果,主要有以下几方面原因:
(1)干一行爱一行,我做什么项目就喜欢什么项目。我觉得每个研究领域、每个研究项目都有未知而需要探索的地方,探索未知、发现新结果,是令人感兴趣的事情。只有兴趣了,你才能真正投入进去。
(2)保持敬业精神,刻苦钻研,持之以恒。我博士期间主要侧重于反应器控制方面的实验部分以及测控硬件集成和软件设计,对于纯粹化工背景的人,从事测控硬件集成和软件设计,需要花大量的时间和精力进行边学边用,刻苦钻研,我一周七天都投入了进去,最后按时顺利地完成了整个软硬件测控系统的设计。2003-2004年我考国家公派出国去新西兰研究一年,我那段时间也一直是埋头苦干,有时晚上和周末还自个儿去试验室加班。直到一年快结束时才放下研究工作去旅游了几天。我出国前就计划好要充分利用留学机会弄出一些科研成果。尽管由于留学时间较短(1年),很难得到满意的实验结果,但经过努力我还是参加了一个会议、发表了一篇综述论文,还与两位在读研究生合作进行一些计算机模拟,当时并不指望得到什么合作文章(我并不是学术功利主义),但后来他们发表研究论文时都没有忘记我对计算机模拟的贡献,帮助我额外增加了两篇的合作论文。国家公派没有对我们公派生有任何定量的成果要求,但我仍然非常敬业地工作,收获了令自己满意的成果,同时还得到课题组负责陈教授的认可。2005年9月得以来美国做博士后,归功于陈教授的帮助,正是他提供给我该博士后职位招聘的宝贵信息。来美国的前一年,我有幸与我的一位师兄进行了一个石油化工过程的模拟与优化,我负责计算机模拟工作,我一如既往地认真负责,为使用过程流程模拟软件(Aspen Plus)积累了宝贵的经验,当然我博士阶段的计算机应用水平的提高也使我运用该模拟软件起来更加得心应手。我05年来美国做博士后的职位正是关于使用Aspen Plus进行计算机模拟的项目(只是具体研究对象不同而已)。简而言之,事物都是相关的,只要你保持敬业精神,刻苦钻研,并持之以恒,对每项课题认真负责(而不是“应付”),力争做好每一件事,那么一旦机会出现,你就会容易抓住。
(3)沉住气,不浮躁。我的博士课题侧重于反应器控制方面的实验部分以及测控硬件集成和软件设计,没有时间和精力进行理论模型的研究和模型化工作,很难从我的博士论文写成像样的或上档次的学术论文(尽管我尽力发表了好几篇相关的中文期刊论文)。但是,我并不悲叹和发牢骚,亦不与人攀比,更不气馁,继续踏踏实实地做自己的研究工作,积累研究经验。另外,我当时一直相信自己的研究能力。虽然我的博士论文无法提供好文章的素材,对自己的学术成果积累没有多大的直接贡献,但自身的计算机应用水平得到明显提高,这为后来进行化工过程的计算机模拟工作打下了坚实的基础。基于自信与兴趣,我后来编著了《实用化工计算机模拟-MATLAB在化学工程中的应用》,这本书总共花了一年半的业余时间才完成,书中的130个例子程序都是自己精心编写调试好的,非常费时费神。当时在上海的我,假如沉不住气,本书是不可能完成的。值得一提的是,本书在国内曾经得到本专业及相关专业众多研究生的青睐。此外,这本书的编写实际上也提高了自身的化工建模和计算机仿真的水平,弥补了我博士期间所欠缺的东西。
(4)在积极进行试验研究和(或)计算机模拟得到结果以后,积极参加各种学术活动(学术会议、讲座),并及时地发表自己已获得的研究结果。不要有学术功利主义,非要发表多少多少篇论文不可,只要尽力就可以了。在经费允许的情况下尽量多参加学术会议,因为参加学术会议可以当作一种相对比较轻松愉快的学术活动,既获得很多新信息、研究新热点新方向新方法等,又认识兴趣相同的同行朋友,而且又能享受短暂的“度假旅行”。此外,学术会议常常帮助宣传自己,同时会给参会者起着鼓舞(研究)的作用(反而言之,一个人关起门来研究,不参加学术活动,自然得不到任何鼓舞,就会觉得枯燥无味)。当你越来越觉得学术会议很有意思以后,一旦接到新的会议预告时,往往会非常积极主动地、加班加点地准备会议摘要,并加快试验(或模拟计算)进度以获得所需的结果,以便在会议上作报告。会议结束后,把会议论文扩展(补充和完善内容)写成期刊论文以发表。
(5)对英语的兴趣和重视。我在国内从硕士阶段到出国前,一直保持对英语学习的兴趣,坚持不懈地学习,因为我认为不管在哪里做研究工作,英文科技文献是必需阅读的。平时经常读英文报,听美国之音,背TOEFL和GRE单词等。虽然由于研究忙碌无法脱身,我没考过TOEFL和GRE,但考了国家公派英语水平考试,并顺利通过。加上来美国前我第一作者发表了两篇英文论文,虽数量不多,但得到了英语科技论文方面的写作锻炼。有坚实的英语基础,尤其是写作方面,使我来到美国后英语论文的写作如鱼得水(当然也离不开坚实的专业,否则英文再好也写不出好文章)。只有英语和专业同时好,才能快速阅读科技文献,吸取养分,使自己的研究“站在前人的肩膀上”进行创新研究。
综上所述,科学研究无捷径,绝不能急于求成;只有保持兴趣,保持敬业精神,刻苦钻研,持之以恒,同时注意尽量全面发展(专业+英语+计算机),你才能不断取得进步,不断取得成果,这也是作为一位真正的学者和研究者所必需具备的。
致谢:感谢我的博士生导师袁先生对学术的严格要求以及他领导下所营造的良好学术氛围,使我潜移默化地对学术的兴趣和重视,并使我受益匪浅。
[附] 2004年以来的代表性论文:
(7) H.-J. Huang, X.D. Chen, and W.-K. Yuan. Microencapsulation based on emulsification for producing pharmaceutical products: a literature review. Developments in Chemical Engineering and Mineral Processing (Current journal name changed as: Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering), 14, 3-4, 515-544, 2006. [IF = 0.758 (2011)] |
(8) H.-J. Huang, G.-B. Wu, J. Yang, Y.-C. Dai, W.-K. Yuan, and H.-B. Lu. Modeling of gas-solid chemisorption in chemical heat pumps, Separation and Purification Technology, 34, 191–200, 2004. [IF = 2.921 (2011); SCI Citations = 12] |
(9) B. Zhang, H.-J. Huang, and S. Ramaswamy. Kinetics Study on Hydrothermal Liquefaction of High diversity Grassland Perennials. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 34(18): 1676-1687, 2012. [IF = 0.84 (2010)] |
(10) B. Zhang, H.-J. Huang and S. Ramaswamy. Reaction kinetics of the hydrothermal treatment of lignin. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 147(1-3):119-131, 2008. [IF = 1. 943 (2011); SCI Citations = 11] |
(11) Xinhai Yu, Zhendong Wang, and Huajiang Huang. Investigation on methanol steam reforming in a microchannel reactor by experiments and mathematical model analysis. International Journal of Green Energy. 5(4): 281-296, 2008. [IF = 1.188 (2011); SCI Citations = 5] |
(12) H. Huang, M. Su-Ling Brooks, H.-J. Huang, and X. D. Chen. Inactivation Kinetics of Yeast Cells during Infrared Drying. Drying Technology, 27: 1060–1068, 2009. [IF = 2.084 (2011); SCI Citations = 2] |
(13) X.D. Chen, H.-J. Huang, and A.G. Ghani. Thermal sterilization of liquid foods in a sealed container – developing simple correlations to account for natural convection, International Journal of Food Engineering. 1(1), Article 5, 2005. http://www.bepress.com/ijfe/vol1/iss1/art5. [IF = 0.463 (2011); ; SCI Citations = 7] (14) Z.-M. Cheng, Z.-M. Zhou, H.-J. Huang, P.-Q. Yuan and D. Yang. Simulation of an industrial trickle bed hydrogenation reactor in the pulsing flow regime. Int. J. Engineering Systems Modeling and Simulation, 1(4), 211-221, 2009. |
2004年以来的书和章节
(1) Hua-Jiang Huang and Shri Ramaswamy. Overview of Biomass Conversion Processes and Separation and Purification Technologies in Biorefineries. in Wiley, (2) S. Ramaswamy, H.-J. Huang, B. Ramarao, ed. Separation and purification technologies in biorefineries, Wiley, 2013 (Invited book editor, in press) (3) H.-J. Huang and S. Ramaswamy, Separation and Purification of Phytochemicals as Co-Products in Biorefineries. in Biorefinery Co-Products: Phytochemicals, Primary Metabolites and Value-Added Biomass Processing. Eds. J. Carrier, S. Ramaswamy, C. Bergeron. Wiley, 2012 (Invited book chapter, peer-reviewed). (4) H.-J. Huang, S. Ramaswamy, U. W. Tschirner and B.V. Ramarao. Separation and purification processes for lignocelluloses-to-bioalcohol production. In: Bioalcohol production Biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass. Keith Waldron (Ed.), Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK, 2010. (5) 黄华江编著, 实用化工计算机模拟— MATLAB在化学工程中的应用,化学工业出版社,北京, 2004. |
2004年以来的国际会议论文
Biorefineries. International Conference on Biomass-Energy Technologies (ICBT) 2012 - Joint with AIChE’s Symposium and Centennial commemoration series for national forestry research institution in China. Nanjing, China. October 22-24, 2012.
. 2011 AIChE Annual Meeting. Minneapolis, Minnesota. October 16-21, 2011. . 2011 AIChE Annual Meeting. Minneapolis, Minnesota. October 16-21, 2011. |
(4) Justin T. Kaffenberger, Huajiang Huang, Ulrike Tschirner, Ben Schroeder, Waleed Al-dajani and Shri Ramaswamy. Modeling the Hydrolytic Degradation and Distribution of Polymer Species In Biopolymers. 2011 AIChE Annual Meeting. Minneapolis, Minnesota. October 16-21, 2011. |
(5) H-J. Huang, S. Ramaswamy. Simulation of combustion and gasification of biomass including agricultural and forest residues and pulp mill black liquor using FactSage. 2009 AIChE Annual Meeting. Nashville, Tennessee. November 8 -13, 2009. |
The potential of cellulosic ethanol production from municipal solid waste: a technical and economic evaluation. 2009 AIChE Annual Meeting. Nashville, Tennessee. November 8 -13, 2009. |
(7) H.-J. Huang, S. Ramaswamy, W. Wafa Al-Dajani, U. Tschirner. Integrated biorefinery approach in a conventional kraft pulp mill using hemicellulose pre-extraction for ethanol production (oral presentation). The 2008 AIChE Annual Meeting - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. November 16 -21, 2008. |
(8) H.-J. Huang and S. Ramaswamy. Simulation of pulp mill black liquor gasification with gibbs free energy minimization approach (oral presentation). The 2008 AIChE Annual Meeting - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. November 16 -21, 2008. |
(9) H.-J. Huang, S. Ramaswamy, W. Wafa Al-Dajani, U. Tschirner. Comparative study of pulp mill-based integrated biorefinery. E3 2008: The Midwest’s Premier Energy, Economic and Environmental Conference. Saint Paul, USA, Nov. 18, 2008. |
(10) H.-J. Huang and S. Ramaswamy. Modeling of biomass gasifier based on thermodynamic equilibrium. 30th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, May 4 - May 7, 2008, New Orleans, USA. |
(11) H.-J. Huang and S. Ramaswamy. Integrated forest biorefining: a new modeling approach, 30th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, May 4 - May 7, 2008, New Orleans, USA. |
(12) H.-J. Huang, S. Ramaswamy, W. Wafa Al-Dajani, U. Tschirner. Integrated biorefining: a comprehensive modeling approach. 6th annual Biobased Industry Outlook Conference at Iowa State University, Ames, USA, September 7-10, 2008. |
(13) H.-J. Huang, B. Zhang and S. Ramaswamy. Kinetics study on high-diversity grassland perennials liquefaction. 30th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. May 4 - May 7, 2008, New Orleans, USA. |
(14) H.-J. Huang, W. Lin, and S. Ramaswamy. Integrated forest biorefining – a new modeling approach. A Webinar sponsored by the AIChE Forest Bioproducts Division, April 3 at noon CST, 2008 |
(15) H.-J. Huang, W. Lin, and S. Ramaswamy. Process modeling of integrated forest biorefinery – an integrated approach (oral presentation). The AIChE 2007 Annual Meeting. Salt Lake City, Utah, November 2007. |
(16) B. Zhang, H.-J. Huang and S. Ramaswamy. Reaction kinetics of the hydrothermal treatment of lignin. The AIChE 2007 Annual Meeting. Salt Lake City, Utah, November 2007. |
(17) H.-J. Huang, S. Ramaswamy, R.A. Cairncross, U.W. Tschirner and B.V. Ramarao, A critical review of separation methods and technologies in conventional and future biorefineries (oral presentation), 29th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, April 29 - May 2, 2007, Denver, USA. |
(18) W. Wafa AI-Dajani, H.-J. Huang, B. Zhang, etc., Liquid fuels from biomass: an integrated biorefinery approach. E3 2007: The Midwest’s Premier Energy, Economic and Environmental Conference. Minneapolis, USA, 2007. |
(19) H.-J. Huang and S. Ramaswamy, Biomass gasification thermodynamic equilibrium model. CFANS Solution-Driven Science Symposium - "Biofuels: Breaking the Barriers for Biomass Conversion - Challenges and Opportunities", Saint Paul, September 2007. |
(20) H.-J. Huang and S. Ramaswamy. Integrated forest biorefineries (presentation). Northeast CERTs (Clean Energy Resource Teams) Meeting, Duluth, USA, March 23th, 2007. |
(21) H.-J. Huang, S. Ramaswamy, W. Al-Dajani, U. Tschirner, and R. A. Cairncross. Techno-economic analysis of lignocellulose to fuel ethanol biorefinery (oral presentation), The AIChE 2006 Annual Meeting, San Francisco, USA, Nov. 2006. |
(22) Ramaswamy, S., H.-J. Huang, U. Tschirner, W. Al-Dajani, "Integrated biorefining - lignocelluloses to bio-fuels, fiber, energy and other products" (oral presentation), Norway Bioenergy Conference, Ost, Norway, September 2006. |
(23) H.-J. Huang, S. Ramaswamy, W. Al-Dajani, U. Tschirner and Richard Allan Cairncross. Effect of biomass species on lignocelluloses to ethanol: Process and Economic Analysis. IREE Research Symposium Poster. Fall 2006. |
(24) H.-J. Huang, L. Liang, X. D. Chen. Emulsification based microencapsulation technology – a brief review. Joint SCENZ/FEANZ/SMNZI Conference 2004: “Engineering Revolutions”, July 2, 2004, pp.210-215, Hamilton, New Zealand. |
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