共同创造无病毒病的世界!分享 http://blog.sciencenet.cn/u/zhangqw 研究方向:(1)腺病毒基因组学、流行病学;(2)腺病毒疫苗及载体;(3)抗病毒药物

博文

加强国际国内实质性合作的必要性和重要性

已有 5139 次阅读 2011-3-31 15:10 |系统分类:科研笔记

转发美国George Mason 大学系统生物学学院Donald Seto教授给我的一封回信,UK Royal Society report关于中国科技成果的一篇报道,强调合作的重要性和必要性,供大家思考。

Hi Kevin-

Things are very hectic for me here.  We were in Berlin for the Spring break from the university and I was invited to give a lecture by Albert Heim at the Virus Institute in Hannover.  Traveling is nice but can be demanding- the flights and packing.

The Letter to the Editor is finally in place to be published June 11- thank you very much for your assistance and support.  It will be important!  It got a lot of attention as a submission and the Editor in Chief was convinced to allow a contrary letter of opinion.  He also wrote an editorial, so the topic is in the open now:  whole genome versus limited serotyping as the proper formal basis for typing adenoviruses (and hopefully other viruses)- this will be an historical event(http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/JVI.00354-11v1 ).  I am glad you are part of it, as your career will extend far beyond mine!

I have included a slide similar to the GeneOrder figure I sent you and it was well-received in Hannover.  I will include the citation in my papers as well.  ["selling" your work, ie public relations, is very important now especially on a global scale.].  You should pass this on to other young scientists as well- this is a new century and new technology (sequencing and bioinformatics) and cooperation will push science forward faster!

Thanks for everything.

Regards,

Don

see also
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/8412074/Royal-Societys-Knowledge-Networks-and-Nations-report-would-Einstein-get-funded-today.html

March 29, 2011
China set to outstrip US in science research output.

The Royal Society's findings were published in its report entitled "Knowledge, networks and nations: Global scientific collaboration in the 21st century".

LONDON (AFP) - China has shot to second place in the number of articles published in international science magazines and in a few years will take the top spot from the United States, according to a new report.

"China has already overtaken the UK as the second leading producer of research publications, but some time before 2020 it is expected to surpass the USA," said the report by the Royal Society in London.

"The USA leads the world in research, producing 20 percent of the world's authorship of research papers, dominating world university league tables, and investing nearly $400 billion per year in public and private research and development," said the report released Monday.

"The UK, Japan, Germany and France each also command strong positions in the global league tables, producing high quality publications and attracting researchers to their world class universities and research institutes," it added.

But while these five countries alone produced 59 percent of all spending on science globally, their dominant position was nevertheless slipping.

China shot up from sixth place in the period 1999-2003 (4.4 percent of the total) to second place behind the United States with 10.2 percent over the years 2004-08, overtaking Japan.

[snip]

"The scientific world is changing and new players are fast appearing," said Chris Llewellyn Smith, who chaired the study at the Royal Society, Britain's national science academy.

"The increase in scientific research and collaboration, which can help us to find solutions to the global challenges we now face, is very welcome.

"However, no historically dominant nation can afford to rest on its laurels if it wants to retain the competitive economic advantage that being a scientific leader brings."

Within the Royal society report:

2.3 Why collaborate?
There are various motivating factors that underpin global collaboration.

2.3.1 Seeking excellence
There are a number of reasons why collaboration is important in science. By working with partners, scientists can enhance the quality of their work, increase the effectiveness of their research, and overcome logistical obstacles by sharing costs, tasks and expertise.
Scientists seek to work with the most outstanding scientists in their field. According to one scientist at Imperial College, ‘if you are the best, geography doesn’t exist.’ Most scientists look for partnerships with researchers in their field, or indeed other fields, in order to access complementary skills and knowledge, with a view to stimulating new ideas. These collaborations between individual scientists are mutually beneficial, and allow the partners to develop their expertise with resources that they would have otherwise lacked. Such partnerships can broaden the dissemination (and subsequent impact) of the work of all partners involved. Scientists can also use personal ties to shape research agendas, or to gain access to other knowledge networks.

中青报:论文数量和中国崛起不是一回事
 http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2011/4/245690.shtm 
3月28日,英国皇家学会的报告说,中国在国际科学刊物上发表的论文总数已跃居全球第二位。
 
数据显示,中国的科研论文1999年至2003年间位居第六(占总数的4.4%),2004年至2008年间超过日本,跃居第二(占总数的10.2%),仅次于美国。报告预计,到2013年,中国可能超过美国成为全球发表科研论文最多的国家。
 
这个消息当然引起了媒体的注意。法新社说,中国在科研论文产出上以火箭速度上升至第二;BBC惊呼,两年内中国将在科学领域超过美国,发明了指南针、火药、造纸术和印刷术的这个国家正准备做一次“全球性卷土重来”。
 
国内有网站迅速跟上,说科研论文第二“是中国崛起的新信号”,这让人哭笑不得。如果比数量,中国在大多数领域都可以轻松地进入世界前三,可科学是老老实实的东西,是民族创造力的结晶,并非纯粹以数量取胜。
 
法新社说,数量增加并不一定意味着质量提高。衡量科研论文价值的一个关键指标是引用率,尽管在这方面中国也有所上升,却落后于其研发投入率和论文产出率。中国的科研论文要追上西方的质量标准,还需很多年。
 
《卫报》也称,美国在1999年至2003年和2004年至2008年这两个时期引用率都名列榜首,分别为36%和30%。英国居第二位。中国的引用率则从实际上的零上升为4%。
 
引用率为4%,意味着大多数论文是“垃圾”,这其实和专利一样,前几年外媒报道说中国人的专利数量虽然很多,但很多是“垃圾”专利。
 
2010年1月,《纽约时报》曾邀请一批专家探讨中国能否成为科技领导者。美国哈佛大学商学院前教授约翰·高认为,中国要想在科学技术方面取得持续不断的进步,有赖于其将数量优势转化为质量优势的能力。在现有体制下,本土人才和外来人才如何融合,将是一个难点。
 
华人科学家、美国布朗大学纳米科学与软物质研究中心主任肖钢认为,在内部和地方的评估程序当中、在资源分配和资金申请方面,主观因素往往会压过客观标准。在地方政府和大学这一级,在提供必要的服务、支持方面,在履行科研资金承诺方面,都可能会有延迟。
 
英国《自然》杂志网站也刊发题为《中国科研,发表还是灭亡》的文章说,中国买卖论文等造假行为的市场在2009年达到近10亿元人民币。一系列重大学术造假事件凸显中国的学术评价系统过于强调发表论文,这促使了学术不端行为的产生。急功近利的文化是造成这种现象的首要原因;其次,是官僚干预学术活动。文章引用方舟子的话说,中国的大多数学术评估——人员聘用、晋升、资金分配等——是由非该领域内专家的官僚主义者执行的,结果,论文的数量,而不是评价研究的质量,成了评估的标准。
 
委内瑞拉驻新加坡大使阿尔弗雷多·托罗·阿迪的观察最为深入、透彻。他今年3月初在西班牙《中国政策观察》网站撰文称,既看到了中国争当世界技术领袖的意愿,也看到了阻力和困难所在。
 
他认为,中国缺乏批评性和个性化思维。中国人的思维受铁的纪律和条条框框的束缚,丧失了自由飞翔的能力。这样一个社会似乎更适合于在明确指令下的繁荣,即精英负责思考,其他人负责追随,而不太有利于鼓励个人的创造力。在当前的教育模式下,中国永远不能产生像盖茨和乔布斯那样的创意天才。


https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-51164-428312.html

上一篇:陈宽与肖传国?
下一篇:高眼压的预防
收藏 IP: 218.19.163.*| 热度|

0

发表评论 评论 (0 个评论)

数据加载中...
扫一扫,分享此博文

Archiver|手机版|科学网 ( 京ICP备07017567号-12 )

GMT+8, 2024-7-28 02:25

Powered by ScienceNet.cn

Copyright © 2007- 中国科学报社

返回顶部