Plant genome sequences: past, present, future

First author: Paul Julian Kersey; Affiliations: Royal Botanic Gardens (皇家植物园): Surrey, UK

Corresponding author: Paul Julian Kersey

The green plants (Viridiplantae) are an essential kingdom of life, responsible via photosynthesis for the majority of global primary production, and directly utilized by humankind for nutrition, animal feed, fuel, clothing, medicine and other purposes. There are an estimated 391 000 species of land plants, in addition to 8000 species of green algae. Their genomes are unusually diverse compared to those of other kingdoms, ranging in size from ～10 Mb to over 100 Gb. Knowledge of plant genomes initially lagged behind those of other kingdoms but has greatly increased with the development of new technologies for DNA sequencing; bioinformatic analysis, rather than data production, is increasingly the bottleneck to further knowledge. Recent proposals are now contemplating the sequencing, assembly and annotation of the genomes of all of the world’s plant species; meanwhile, low coverage sequencing to measure diversity across collections and wild populations has already become commonplace for many species, especially those utilized as crops.

绿色植物是地球生命王国的根本，通过光合作用产生全球主要的生物量，而且可以被人类社会直接利用，包括营养物质、动物饲料、燃料、衣物、医药及其它的一些用途。目前预估共有391000个陆地植物物种，还有8000个绿藻物种。想比于其他生物而言，这些植物的基因组差异比较大，从10Mb到100Gb不等。对于植物基因组的研究在起步阶段要落后于其它生物的基因组研究，但近些年随着DNA测序技术的快速发展，以及生物信息分析的进步极大的促进了人们对于植物基因组的研究进展。最近最新的测序技术已经应用于植物物种的测序、组装及注释，同时通过低深度重测序分析这些植物野生种及栽培种的遗传多样性已经成功应用于很多的植物物种，尤其是作物。

doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2018.11.001

Journal: Current Opinion in Plant Biology

Published online: 19 December, 2018