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美国拜登政府新任命的联邦贸易委员会主席(the Federal Trade Commission,简称FTC)是一位年轻的巴基斯坦裔美国法学家林娜●卡汉(Lina M. Khan),这个任命的起源很有趣,只是因为卡汉年轻时发表的一篇反垄断文章,然后拜登上任后,这个重要岗位就按图索骥地给了卡汉,这种方式有点类似于中国最近提出的“揭榜挂帅”的味道,只不过中国的事情大多停留在纸面上或者口头上,很少有真正落地实践的案例。下面是卡汉的一些个人情况:
Lina M. Khan(1989-) is an American legal scholar specializing in antitrust and competition law in the United States. She serves as the chairwoman of the Federal Trade Commission since June 2021. She is also an associate professor of law at Columbia Law School.
卡汉1989年出生在英国,2010年毕业于耶鲁大学的威廉姆斯学院(Williams College · Yale University),论文题目是:论汉娜●阿伦特,由此猜测她大学的专业应该是政治学或者哲学,毕竟阿伦特是哲学家(政治哲学)。2017年28岁从耶鲁法学院获得博士学位。目前在哥伦比亚大学法学院任副教授,虽然仅仅32岁,发表记录很漂亮:
Khan’s scholarship has been published by the Harvard Law Review, University of Chicago Law Review, Columbia Law Review, and Yale Law Journal. The New York Times has described her work as having “reframed decades of monopoly law,” and Politico has called her “a leader of a new school of antitrust thought.” Her article “Amazon’s Antitrust Paradox” was awarded the 2018 Antitrust Writing Award for “Best Academic Unilateral Conduct Article,” the Yale Law School’s Israel H. Peres Prize, and the Yale Law Journal’s Michael Egger Prize; her article “The Separation of Platforms and Commerce” won the 2019 Jerry S. Cohen Memorial Fund’s Best Antitrust Article on Remedies; and her co-authored article “The Case for ‘Unfair Methods of Competition’ Rulemaking” received the 2020 Antitrust Writing Award for “Best General Antitrust Academic Article.” She has presented her work before the Department of Justice’s Antitrust Division, the Federal Trade Commission, the House Judiciary Committee, and the European Commission.
让她获得巨大声誉的那篇文章就是上面描黑的那篇文章,翻译过来就是:亚马逊反垄断悖论(2017年发表于《耶鲁法学杂志》NO3)。这篇文章我还没有看过,有网友评论说,其核心观点是:以往以价格控制为核心的反垄断框架完全不适合新经济时代,平台经济需要全新的反垄断思路。数字经济时代,有多少商家利用转轨时期人们对于新生事物的陌生与浑然不觉赚的钵满盆满?
卡汉收获的赞誉超级多,称号一个比一个牛,见下面文字:
Khan was recently named to the Politico 50, Foreign Policy Magazine’s “Global Thinkers,” The Prospect’s “Top 50 Thinkers,” the WIRED25, the National Journal 50, and TIME Magazine’s “Next Generation Leaders.”
翻译几个称号感受一下:全球思想家、顶级50思想家、连线25人(一个很有名的美国技术论坛)、时代杂志更是直接预言:下一代的领导者。
从科学社会学角度来说,卡汉现象有三点值得说几句:
1、生活地域决定未来的发展空间。如果她出生在巴基斯坦,再有能力也基本上会被埋没;、
2、舞台决定成就。在耶鲁法学院读书时发表有想象力的文章,借着平台的势能,一路高飞;年轻时一定要争取做出最有想象力的工作,然后剩下的就交给机会与耐心了。
3、自由、公平与宽松的环境是造就一切人间奇迹的引擎。通过一篇文章,卡汉踏上了一条神奇之旅。
(1、2两条用决定一词,有些过于强了,可以理解为高度正相关)。
过些日子,把那篇牛文章找来帖在下面,咱们也学习一下。
2021-6-17凌晨于南方临屏涂鸦
说明:文中图片来自网络,没有任何商业目的,仅供欣赏,特此致谢。
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