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Python提取句子

已有 10404 次阅读 2016-11-10 21:35 |个人分类:Python|系统分类:科研笔记| 分离, 提取, 句子

将一段话中的句子分离出来不是一件容易的事。因为句子的开头和结尾并不是很规则,而且句子内部会出现句号。这使得通过单一的正则表达式分离句子是不可能的。有时你能成功,但大多数时候你会出错。这里我们用nltk模块来做。

第一部分:使用正则表达式

import re


paragraph = "Mr. Smith bought cheapsite.com for 1.5 million dollars, i.e. he paid a lot for it. Did he mind? Adam Jones Jr. thinks he didn't. In any case, this isn't true... Well, with a probability of .9 it isn't. I say. What's wrong with you? I am confused by your activity."

#匹配句尾的那个特殊空格,所有后面只能用依据空格用split分割

rule = re.compile(r"(?<!w.w.)(?<![A-Z][a-z].)(?<=.|?|!|")s")

result = re.split(rule, paragraph)

for sentence in result:

   print sentence

#如果段落中含有双引号就报错。此时我们应该改用三双引号或三单引号,亲测有效。当然,正则表达式也需要变化。下面是利用正则表达式提取文本文件中的句子的代码。

import re


#open the txt file which must be in ANSI format

#TXT file in unicode format doesn't work. I don't why.


input = open('test.txt')

input_result = input.read()


rule = re.compile(r"(?<!w.w.)(?<![A-Z][a-z].)(?<=.|?|!|")s")

result = re.split(rule, input_result)

#for sentence in result:

  #print sentence

input.close()


#This command will create the ouput.txt file for you.

output = open("ouput.txt","a+")

for sentence in result:

   output.write(sentence)

   output.write("n")

output.close()


第二部分:提取字符串中的句子

from nltk import tokenize


paragraph = "Good morning Dr. Adams. The patient is waiting for you in room number 3."

print tokenize.sent_tokenize(paragraph)


第三部分:提取文本文件中的句子

import nltk.data


tokenizer = nltk.data.load('tokenizers/punkt/english.pickle')

fp = open("test.txt")

data = fp.read()

print 'n-----n'.join(tokenizer.tokenize(data))


备注:暂时无法成功安装nltk模块,提示缺少某dll文件!


参考资料

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9474395/how-to-break-up-a-paragraph-by-sentences-in-python

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4576077/python-split-text-on-sentences






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