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列举10项惊人的用水之道

已有 3044 次阅读 2012-3-30 10:23 |个人分类:百科拾零|系统分类:科普集锦

    从煮咖啡到酿啤酒,水正在以惊人的速度被消耗着。
10 surprising ways water is used
 
From coffee to beer, water can be used at astounding rates

 

1. A beef burger produced in the Netherlands costs about 1,000 litres of water. The soy-based vegetarian version still costs about 160 litres. Source: The Institute for Water Education (Pat Wellenbach/Associated Press).

 

2. The water cost for one 250 ml glass of beer made from barley is 74 litres – and that doesn't include how much water is used to make other ingredients that are added to the brew. Source: The Water Footprint Network (Toby Talbot/AP).

 

3. The manufacturing process for a brand new car uses almost 400,000 litres of water – enough to fill eight NHL size hockey rinks. Source: The World Wildlife Fund (Bob Mack/The Florida Times-Union/Associated Press).

 

4. While the water used to brew a cup of coffee might be obvious, the overall water usage consumed in the process is not. A single cup of coffee costs 130 litres of water, while about 18,900 litres are needed to produce 1 kg of roasted coffee. Source: The Water Footprint Network. (Paul Sakuma/AP).

 

5. Chocolate lovers everywhere might be surprised that an average 100 gram chocolate bar costs 1,700 litres of water. Source: The Water Footprint Network (Canadian Press).

 

6. The longstanding dinner table favourite costs 530 litres of water per kilogram of tomato ketchup. Source: The Water Footprint Network (Toby Talbot/Associated Press).

 

7. About 32 litres of water is used in the creation process of a 2-gram, 32-megabyte memory chip and its plastic package. A typical semiconductor factory makes about 2 million integrated circuits per month and gulps about 20 million gallons of water, which is then disposed of as waste. Source: Williams, et al, 2002, Stanford News Service (Douglas C. Pizac/AP).

 

8. Never mind fossil fuels, keeping a single 60-watt lightbulb lit for 12 hours uses as much as 60 litres of water. Source: the Virginia Water Resources Research Center (Virginia Mayo/AP).

 

9. For every kilogram of synthetic rubber produced, 460 litres of water is used. Source: Gleick, 1993 (iStock).

 

10. Between animal feed and manufacturing, the cost of a pair of leather shoes is 8,000 litres of water, which is enough to fill 2,113 milk jugs. Source: The World Wildlife Fund (Alex Brandon/AP).

 

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