Atmospheric turbulance: Random refractive index of the air: modelling using stochastic hydrodynamic methods; Effects: light beam shift due to wavefront distorsion; Attenuations: order of the magnitude in the total effects; How to self-adapt this effect; etc.
Miscellaneous scatterings owing to the air molecules or atoms: Raman scattering; Rayleigh scattering and Rayleigh wing scattering; Brilluin scattering; Mie scattering; Attenuations: order of the magnitude in the total effects; How to self-adapt this effect; etc.
Absorptions due to the air molecules or atoms: Due to resonant interaction and so the theoretical modelling; Attenuations: order of the magnitude in the total effects; How to self-adapt this effect.