重组干细胞因子（Stem Cell Factor, SCF，AbMole，M9986）是一种多效性细胞因子，通过特异性结合酪氨酸激酶受体c-KIT（CD117），触发受体二聚化并激发激酶活性，进而调控细胞增殖、凋亡、分化和迁移等关键生物学过程[1]。SCF/c-KIT结合后可激活多种信号通路，包括磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶-蛋白激酶B（PI3K-AKT）、Janus激酶/信号转导与转录激活因子（JAK-STAT）、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）等。重组SCF（Stem Cell Factor, SCF，AbMole，M9986）常与其他细胞因子联合用于细胞的培养或者动物发育研究等实验。研究显示，CD34⁺造血干细胞在含重组SCF、IL-3（重组白介素3蛋白，Interleukin-3, P08700）和Flt3-L（重组FMS样胰激酶3配体，P49771）的培养基中，可在体外维持长期增殖能力，且保留多向分化潜能[2, 3]。重组SC（uniprot: P21583-1）在TF-1细胞系（人红白血病细胞）中，通过激活PI3K-AKT通路显著促进细胞增殖[4]。此外，在动物模型中，SCF通过c-KIT介导的MAPK/ERK通路调控大鼠腹膜肥大细胞（RPMCs）的过敏反应[5]。在转基因CADASIL模型（TgNotch3R90C小鼠）中，重组SCF联合G-CSF（重组粒细胞集落刺激因子，P09920）可减轻脑小血管血栓形成，改善血管平滑肌细胞退化及认知功能[6]。重组SCF局部注射至新生小鼠卵巢可非侵入性促进卵泡激活与发育[7]；大鼠胚胎皮层神经元实验进一步揭示，SCF（重组干细胞因子，Stem Cell Factor）可通过MEK/ERK/p53信号通路增强神经突触延伸[8]。2014年，AbMole的两款抑制剂分别被西班牙国家心血管研究中心和美国哥伦比亚大学用于动物体内实验，相关科研成果发表于顶刊 Nature 和 Nature Medicine。

参考文献及鸣谢

[1] Cardoso, H. J.; Figueira, M. I.; Socorro, S. The stem cell factor (SCF)/c-KIT signalling in testis and prostate cancer. Journal of cell communication and signaling 2017, 11 (4), 297-307.

[2] Cicuttini, F.; Begley, C.; Boyd, A. J. G. F. The effect of recombinant stem cell factor (SCF) on purified CD34-positive human umbilical cord blood progenitor cells. 1992, 6 (1), 31-39.

[3] Shen, B.; Jiang, W.; Fan, J.; et al. Residues 39-56 of stem cell factor protein sequence are capable of stimulating the expansion of cord blood CD34+ cells. 2015, 10 (10), e0141485.

[4] Mazzoldi, E. L.; Pavan, S.; Pilotto, G.; et al. A juxtacrine/paracrine loop between C-Kit and stem cell factor promotes cancer stem cell survival in epithelial ovarian cancer. Cell death & disease 2019, 10 (6), 412.

[5] Nam, S. Y.; Kim, H. Y.; Kim, H. M.; et al. Betaeta-eudesmol reduces stem cell factor-induced mast cell migration. International immunopharmacology 2017, 48, 1-7.

[6] Ping, S.; Qiu, X.; Gonzalez-Toledo, M. E.; et al. Stem Cell Factor in Combination With Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Protects the Brain From Capillary Thrombosis-Induced Ischemic Neuron Loss in a Mouse Model of CADASIL. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 2020, 8, 627733.

[7] Wang, Y.; Zhang, J.; Liang, J.; et al. In vivo promotion of primordial follicle activation by stem cell factor treatment in mice with premature ovarian insufficiency and advanced age. Molecular human reproduction 2022, 29 (1).

[8] Gao, M.; Zhao, L. R. Turning Death to Growth: Hematopoietic Growth Factors Promote Neurite Outgrowth through MEK/ERK/p53 Pathway. Molecular neurobiology 2018, 55 (7), 5913-5925.