DIKWP Ultimate of Digital Economy: From Asymmetric Data Economy, Asymmetric Information Economy to Symmetric Knowledge Economy and Symmetric Wisdom Economy

November 2022，DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.32178.48328

原文章阅读链接：https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365635800_DIKWP_Ultimate_of_Digital_Economy_From_Asymmetric_Data_Economy_Asymmetric_Information_Economy_to_Symmetric_Knowledge_Economy_and_Symmetric_Wisdom_Economy

数字经济的终极DIKWP形态:从“非对称数据经济、非对称信息经济”到“对称知识经济、对称智慧经济”

(DIKWP Ultimate of Digital Economy: From Asymmetric Data Economy, Asymmetric Information Economy to Symmetric Knowledge Economy and Symmetric Wisdom Economy)

Yucong Duan（段玉聪）

DIKWP research group, 海南大学(Hainan University)

Email: duanyucong@hotmail.com

摘要: 历史上数据资产,信息资产,知识资产和智慧资产的不对称可用性或所有权，本质上有助于揭示人类文明进程中各种经济社会的认知理解,发展和规划。各种经济学模型和理论将其交换和交易的基础建立在商品或服务的可用性不对称和需求不对称的基础上。然而从DIKWP Capital 物质化和DIKWP 治理的角度来看，随着现代信息技术的飞速发展和数字通信设施的广泛进步，非对称数据经济和非对称信息经济正在日益淡化，取而代之的是本质上是对称的知识经济和对称的智慧经济。针对解决方案，我们揭示了对称经济取代非对称经济的必然性的形式化，并从 DIKWP的12条链方面预测了 DIKWP 数字市场经济：DIKWP 资本链,DIKWP 数字经济链,DIKWP 服务链 XaaS ,DIKWP 信任链,DIKWP 治理链,DIKWP 区块链链,DIKWP 合约链,DIKWP 强人工智能学习链,DIKWP 数字文化链,DIKWP 数字复用/共享链,DIKWP 数字科学链,DIKWP 数字文明链。

Keywords: 文明, 经济学, 治理, 不对称经济学, 对称经济学 

1. 引言

当前的俄乌战争[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]是对社会调整和再调整[6], [7], [8], [9]的一次爆发反映。 许多领域，包括能源供应,粮食安全,全球贸易,货币不对称等，大都是由经济原因驱动的。 冠状病毒 (COVID-19) 大流行 [10], [11], [12] 提醒世界，生物经济[13], [14], [15] 的亲密性和可持续性可能比人类曾经预期的要严重得多。 国际关系的新发展[16], [17], [18], [19]，例如中美关系，似乎正在推动世界走向更多的社会,环境,经济和商业风险和不确定性[20], [ 21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26]。与早期工业化时期的马克思[27], [28], [29]和两次世界大战的罗素[30], [31], [32]时代相距不远，各个维度都存在历史重演，并将可能会在即将到来的 Metaverse 经济学[33], [34], [35], [36], [37]等中继续。 

尽管所有这些有影响力的现象都与证明可知世界是或可以建立在可再现的因果关系或因果关系上无关[38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44] ] 结构体。经济学 [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52] 有许多分支和主题 [53], [54], [55], [ 56], [57], [58], [59] 支持对全球层面的混乱和不确定性进行建模,模拟,澄清和协调的解释。尽管学科变得越来越孤立和分散[60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [65]，如同外国人用不同的外语互相交谈，但从现实来看，我们认为当前的社会混乱和冲突可以归因于当前经济学在解决各种数据模型,信息模型,知识模型和智慧模型之间的差距方面的无效或低效或无效，如果我们假设它们的完整性和一致性分别被主观假设在各种经济学模型中，这些模型之间的适当连接和后续转换将开始揭示包含潜在真相的更大语义[66], [67], [68], [69], [70], [71] , [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78]。我们提出数据资产,信息资产 [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86],知识的不对称可用性或所有权甚至主观认知 资产[87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92]和智慧资产[93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98] , [99], [100], [101], [102] 对认知经济启示做出了重要贡献 [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108], [109, [110], [111], [112] 人类文明进程中各种经济社会的认识,发展和规划。在商业商品或服务的可用性和需求不对称的基础上奠定交换和交易基础[113], [114], [115], [116], [117], [118], [119] ], [120], [121], [122]，经济学的各种模型和理论曾经被证明是成功的或更新成功的。

然而，从 DIKWP Capital 物质化和 DIKWP 治理的角度来看[123], [124], [125], [126], [127], [128], [129], [130], [131]，随着 DIKWP 的快速发展现代信息技术和广泛进步的数字通信设施[132], [133], [134], [135], [136], [137], [138], [139], [140], [141] ，[142]，[143]，[144]，作为构建数据不对称和信息不对称的功能基础，不对称数据经济和不对称信息经济正日益消退，这对危机和通货膨胀挑战的贡献越来越大[145]，[146] ], [147], [148], [149] 等，而不是增长和繁荣，由于数据可用性和信息可用性的日益对称运动而不可逆转地失效[150], [151], [152], [153] , [154], [155], [156], [157], [158], [159], [160], [161], [162], [163], [164], [165]。顽固地恢复一个数据不对称和信息不对称的不对称时代，实际上阻碍了全球社会的前进，如果不是造成混乱和冲突的直接原因。无论如何，过时经济的成本经不起成本与生产率与生产率关系的验证[166], [167], [168], [169], [170], [171], [172], [173] ]，本质上是对称知识经济和对称智慧经济，所有不对称的数据和信息都得到了解释和重新组合，避免了以前在创建或维护数据资产,信息资产,知识资产和智慧资产的不对称可用性方面的无意义浪费，更加高效和有效生产关系。

我们甚至想提出这样一个概念，即从非对称数据经济,非对称信息经济到对称知识经济和对称智慧经济的不确定性与守恒性与转型之间的不平衡，本质上导致了当前的误解,混乱和冲突。

2. 简要回顾经济的历史形态

基于一个完整的客观-主观视角 [174], [175], [176], [177], [178], [179], [180], [181], [182] 数字化世界作为数据,信息,知识,智慧和意图 (DIKWP) 资源及其相互作用，我们需要在本报告中推进新的 DIKWP 经济学。

我们想从 DIKWP 的非对称性和对称性角度简要介绍一下历史经济：

(a) DIKWP-数据经济(Data Economy) 

与物理世界相关的客观良好数据的不对称可用性或所有权，尤其是原始农业和货物对货物的交换，曾经主导了世界农耕和狩猎社会的初始文明。 在这种数据经济中[183], [184]，商品所有权的不对称以及商品在不断变化的环境中随时间的需求使得商品在交换过程中的价值差异得以获利。  

(b) DIKWP-信息经济(Information Economy)  

这里对于信息经济[185], [186], [187], [188], [189], [190]，我们仅指与知识资产相关的孤立信息不对称机制。 与代表认知世界的语义形式的数据或信息相关的主观信息的不对称可用性或所有权，特别是商业趋势和稀有性预测在当前市场经济中普遍存在，这是由过去几十年的计算和通信技术爆炸所促进的，似乎正在掩埋 通过达到其能力边界来限制不对称信息。 互联网技术和各种自主技术，特别是人工智能和机器人，不仅通过电子商务,智慧政务等为人们提供及时,廉价的信息，而且消除了分享信息基础蛋糕的不对称机会。

(c) DIKWP-知识经济(Knowledge Economy)  

与数据或信息相关的知识的不对称可用性或所有权，或代表认知世界中人类努力创新的语义形式的知识，通常已在客观物理世界中得到验证或由测试人员主观确认。与非对称数据经济和非对称信息经济不同，知识是一种直接的或必不可少的生产力，它可以与最终用户可以使用的物质或非物质产品的存在或创造有关，这不同于非用户利益相关者只会从跨媒体意义上的基于社会关系的数据或信息或知识的传输中获益。知识经济[191], [192], [193], [194], [195], [196], [197], [198], [199], [200]将理想地并最终避免无意义或低效或创造或维持非生产性不对称收益的无效成本或浪费。但知识经济要在大多数国家全面实施还有很长的路要走。一个建议是对知识资产权利进行国家层面的登记，对发明人利益保护进行制度性立法。

(d) DIKWP-智慧经济(Wisdom Economy)  

与数据或信息或知识或语义形式的智慧相关的智慧的不对称可用性或所有权代表了认知社会价值世界中人类信念的创新，通常已经在间接客观物理世界或直接主观社会互动中得到验证。 与不对称数据经济和不对称信息经济不同，智慧经济中的智慧[201], [202], [203], [204], [205], [206], [207]代替知识在操纵 经济世界迎合多种不同甚至有争议的目标/意图，以及当前经济机制的不对称变化。 智慧不一定是直接的生产力，但需要调和矛盾，转变为互惠互利的变化。 经济智慧终将得到认可，终将推动世界朝着更加公平,节能,环保的方向稳步前进。

3. 概念化DIKWP数字市场经济的8个核心链

为了揭示对称经济取代不对称经济的必然性的形式化，我们根据 DIKWP-12-Chians 构建了 DIKWP 数字市场经济的概念架构：DIKWP 资本链[208]，[209]，[210] ]，DIKWP数字经济链[211]，[212]，[213]，XaaS的DIKWP服务链[214]，[215]，[216]，DIKWP信任链[217]，[218]，[219]， [220],DIKWP 治理链[221], [222], [223],DIKWP 区块链链[224], [225], [226], DIKWP 合同链[227], [228], [229],DIKWP 强人工智能学习链[230], [231], [232],DIKWP 数字文化链[233], [234], [235], [236] DIKWP 数字复用链[237], [238], [239] ], DIKWP数字科学链[240], [241], [242], [243], [244], [245], [246], DIKWP数字文明链[247], [248], [249], [250] 如下。

(a) DIKWP 资本链（Capital Chain）

为了整个人类社会的进步，我们提出，凡是消耗社会物质或精神福祉或一般能量的大范围事物，都需要以客观的建设或贡献，或积极的主观态度或努力来回馈社会。 作为DIKWP经济的基础，包括数据资本[251],信息资本[252],知识资本[253],智慧资本[254],意图资本[255]在内的经济资本正在逐步形成一个交叉的客观内容和主观认知DIKWP 资金链：

DIKWP Capital Chain

::=Data Capital->Information Capital->Knowledge Capital->Wisdom Capital->Purpose Capital

(b) DIKWP 数字经济链（Digital Economy Chain）

数字经济正在扩展到涵盖数据经济[256], [257],信息经济[258], [259]知识经济[260], [261]和智慧经济[262,[263]，更像是一条DIKWP数字经济链

DIKWP Digital Economy Chain

::=Data Economy->Information Economy->Knowledge Economy->Wisdom Economy

(c) DIKWP 服务链（Service Chain of XaaS）

为了支持数据资本,信息资本,知识资本,智慧资本的可信治理和管理，DIKWP数字资本链中的意图资本以数据即服务（DaaS）[265]的XaaS[264]形式提供，信息作为 服务（IFaaS）[266],知识即服务（KaaS）[267],智慧即服务（WaaS）[268]和意图即服务（PRaaS）[269]形成DIKWP服务链：

DIKWP Service Chain

::=DaaS->IFaaS->KaaS->WaaS->PRaaS

(d) DIKWP 信任链（Trust Chain）  

为了降低 DIKWP 服务链上的成本交换和交易成本，走向繁荣的 DIKWP 数字经济链，我们不仅需要扩展可信计算[270]，以涵盖可信数据[271],可信信息[272],可信知识[ 255], Trusted Wisdom/Decision[274], [275] 也是为了桥接 DIKWP Capital 在语义空间的转换之间的信任转移，形成 DIKWP 信任链：

DIKWP Trust Chain

::=Trusted Data->Trusted Information->Trusted Knowledge->Trusted Wisdom/Decision

(e) DIKWP 治理链（Governance Chain）

对应DIKWP资本链中数据资本,信息资本,知识资本,智慧资本的社会层面管理，DIKWP治理的治理包括数据治理[276],信息治理[277],知识治理[278],智慧治理 [279]，意图治理[280]，包括 DIKWP 治理链：

DIKWP Governance Chain

::=Data Governance->Information Governance)->Knowledge Governance->Wisdom Governance->Purpose Governance

将数据信任,信息信任,知识信任和智慧信任的集成信任作为一个整体 DIKWP 信任链，将大大降低 DIKWP 经济链的 DIKWP 治理成本和预算。

(f) DIKWP 区块链链（Blockchain Chain）

与 DIKWP 信任链的具体实现对应的是通用区块链工具，我们建议将其作为 DIKWP 语义区块链，包括数据区块链[281],信息区块链[282],知识区块链[283],智慧区块链[284]，或者以渐进的方式 DIKWP区块链链的语义区块链[285]：

DIKWP Blockchain Chain

::=Data Blockchain->Information Blockchain->Knowledge Blockchain->Wisdom Blockchain

(g) DIKWP 合约链（Contract Chain）

DIKWP 区块链链中共识机制的核心是智能合约，包括数据合约[286], [287],信息合约[288],知识合约[289],智慧合约[290]，或 DIKWP 合约链：

DIKWP Contract Chain

::= Data Contract -> Information Contract -> Knowledge Contract ->Wisdom Contract

(h) DIKWP 机器学习链（Learning Chain for Strong AI）

通过将当前人工智能机器学习的数据标注和数据训练扩展到数据标注[291],信息标注[292],知识标注[293],智慧标注[294],意图标注[295]和DIKWP训练的横切DIKWP标注 数据训练[296],信息训练[297],知识训练[298],智慧训练[299],意图训练[300],DIKWP机器学习启动整合了数据学习[301],信息学习[302],知识学习[ 303],Wisdom Learning[304],Purpose Learning[305]形成DIKWP机器学习链的语义学习[306]：

DIKWP Learning Chain

::= Data Learning -> Information Learning -> Knowledge Learning->Wisdom Learning

4. 其它4个相关DIKWP延展链

其他 4 个相关的 DIKWP 链包括如下。

(a) DIKWP 数字文化链（Digital Culture Chain）

数字文化[307] 正在扩展，涵盖数据文化[308],信息文化[309],知识文化[310] 和智慧文化[311]，更像是一个 DIKWP 数字文化链：

DIKWP Digital Culture Chain

::=Data Culture->Information Culture->Knowledge Culture->Wisdom Culture

(b) DIKWP 数字重用/共享链（Digital Reuse Chain）

数字重用或共享正在扩展到涵盖数据重用/共享[312],信息重用/共享[313],知识重用/共享[314]和智慧重用/共享[315]，更像是一个 DIKWP 数字重用/共享链：

DIKWP Digital Reuse/Sharing Chain

::=Data Reuse/Sharing->Information Reuse/Sharing->Knowledge Reuse/Sharing->Wisdom Reuse/Sharing

(c) DIKWP 数字科学链（Digital Science Chain）

数字科学正在扩展到涵盖数据科学[316],信息科学[317],知识科学[318]和智慧科学[319]，更像是 DIKWP 数字科学链的语义科学[320]：

DIKWP Digital Science Chain

::=Data Science->Information Science->Knowledge Science->Wisdom Science

(d) DIKWP 数字文明链（Digital Civilization Chain）

数字文明[321]正在扩展到涵盖数据文明[322],信息文明[323],知识文明[324]和智慧文明[325]，更像是一个DIKWP数字文明链：

DIKWP Digital Civilization Chain

::=Data Civilization -> Information Civilization -> Knowledge Civilization -> Wisdom Civilization

5. DIKWP 社会技术

在各利益相关者和物质数字资产和资本之间的经济活动中，存在着与可解释性,可信度和可靠性相关的各种不确定性挑战，导致社会资源浪费,隐私滥用和权利侵权等。

(a) 问题提出

我们进行了意图驱动的研究[329], [330], [331], [332], [333], [334], [335], [336], [337], [338], [339] 包括最近：“基于 DIKWP 图的意图驱动争议建模,分析和解决”[326],“气象和抑郁症的意图驱动 DIKW 建模和分析”[327]，以及“智能表格填充和设计的意图驱动建模和分析” 基于DIKW”[328]等，旨在处理输入端（4-No Problem Input）的不一致,不完整,不准确,不可表达性等不确定性的语义内容处理，要求不一致,不完整,不准确,不可表达性最优 输出端（4-无问题输出）的结论受绿色节能计算,存储和通信期望的约束。

(b) 客观内容与主观认知的语义统一

为了统一利益相关者主观认知和客观表内容的表达和语义，我们以 DIKWP（内容）图的形式将具有 4-No Problem Input 的客观内容映射到类型化数据,信息,知识,智慧和意图（DIKWP）。 基于对 DIKWP(content) 图的意图驱动或意图导向遍历，我们通过与利益相关者的主观 DIKWP 映射的交互构建了 DIKWP 认知图，DIKWP(Cognition) Graphs。 我们结合客观的 DIKWP(content) 图和主观的 DIKWP(stakeholder) 图来构建统一的 DIKWP 语义图。 我们战略性地将经济交互处理中与概念语义认知相关的不确定性映射到 DIKWP 语义图对参与者和内容的表示的差异。

(c) DIKWP 处理架构

通过在意图驱动策略下遍历 DIKWP 语义图，我们定位内容差异并解释争议或误解。 通过识别和减少源自不一致,不完整,不准确和不充分的资源交互的意外内容，我们使用 DIKWP（内容）图和 DIKWP（认知）图的 DIKWP 语义图中的连接和例程长度来确认转换的存在和 表达问题解决方案的认知距离和计算推理距离。 我们还提出了在减少 DIKWP（内容）图和 DIKWP（认知）图的 DIKWP 语义图中的认知距离和推理差距方面的处理优化。

6. 总结展望

从技术上讲，很多因素都会引发经济争论，学者们对解决经济学理论和模型的分歧进行了研究。然而，研究结论往往不一致，甚至相互矛盾。很少有研究从自动识别的角度探讨结论不一致的解决方法。我们提出了一种意图驱动的 DIKWP 建模和综合方法，用于集成 DIKWP 资本链之间的认知相互作用。首先，基于代表意图资产的意图图上的意图驱动策略，我们将有争议的内容和文档以数据,信息,知识和智慧类型的形式映射为 DIKWP 内容图。其次，通过 DIKWP 内容图谱中 DIKWP 内容图谱的利益相关者之间的交互式语义计算和推理，我们从利益相关者的头脑中检索认知 DIKWP Cognition Graphs。最后，通过对 DIKWP 内容图和 DIKWP 认知图进行意图驱动处理，我们将客观 DIKWP 内容图和主观 DIKWP 认知图结合起来，形成集成的 DIKWP 语义图。在将原本离散的有争议的内容和认知与统一的DIKWP语义模型相结合的DIKWP语义空间中，我们最大化搜索空间来识别不一致结论的语义层次差异并找到不一致的解决方案。

为了更新当前的经济学，我们将通过揭示不同现有经济学模型和理论之间的差异，揭示对称经济取代不对称经济的必然性的形式化，并最终揭示这些现有经济学的预期与现实之间的差异。 DIKWP 数字市场经济在 DIKWP的12条链方面的当前经济实践：DIKWP 资本链,DIKWP 数字经济链, XaaS 的 DIKWP 服务链, DIKWP 信任链,DIKWP 治理链,DIKWP 区块链链,DIKWP 合同链,DIKWP 学习强人工智能链，以及DIKWP数字文化链,DIKWP数字复用/共享链,DIKWP数字科学链,DIKWP数字文明链。

职业教育，包括人工智能数据标注,信息标注,知识标注,智慧标注,意图标注等，通过有效建模的探索，抓住经济从非对称数据经济,非对称信息经济向对称知识经济,对称智慧经济转变的调整 个人数据资本,信息资本,知识资本,智慧资本,意图资本的方法，招聘适当 DIKWP 人力资本的有效映射机制，以及 DIKWP 人力资本的必要调度和再教育计划，以避免当前经济学中社会 DIKWP 资源的浪费 .   

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