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链接:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358607773_The_end_of_Objective_mathematics_as_a_return_to_Subjective
The end of "Objective" mathematics as a return to "Subjective"
February 2022
DOI:
The end of “Objective” mathematics as a return to “Subjective”
“客观”数学的终结 Or 数学的主观“回归”
By Yucong Duan,
DIKW research group, Hainan University
Email: duanyucong@hotmail.com
Abstract: we believe that subjective semantics is objectively arranged. We’d like to explore a little bit on the usually viewed subjective math from a cognitive perspective in the semantic space. We reveal our intuition and lay the basis of our proposed definitions of: Semantic Computation and Reasoning Comprising Existence Computation and Reasoning, Essence Computation and Reasoning, Purpose Computation and Reasoning towards Resolution of Conceptual Computation and Reasoning.
公理AM都代表着被认知认为合理的一种基础假设HP。假设HP就是基于一种前提S对一种结果T的关联的语义的合理性的主观设定FSUB。
HP(S, T):=FSUB(S, T)
所谓基础或者本质,其语义就是在存在意义上没有进一步可以依赖的解释,也就是不能再简化的最小部分。
AM:=min(HP)
而假设是类型化知识的本质。由公理出发进而构建的推理目的是为了实现对外部世界的抽象解释。解释EXP就是通过构建输入S与输出T的关联将相关案例纳入相关公理的体系。
EXP(<S, T>, AM):=<S(AM), T(AM)>
:=<FSUB(S),FSUB(T)>
:=FSB<S,T>
这一关于公理的理念与《个人知识》一书作者的宏观理念相符,也是对哥德尔不完备性定理的抽象。然而相关公理的主观来源又往往由于把相关公理作为独立存在的普遍的事实而被误认为是绝对客观的了。
数学作为一种基于公理知识的形式系统不断的被人们用来构建对实例的解释和确定实例化的过程。
每一种具体数学IM的有效作用空间EFP从类型化知识的角度审视只是建立类型和实例IIM之间的一致性CS的类型和实例的关联组合ASS。这种一致性从认知角度可以被确定为具体的一致性本质语义ES。
对应于类型TYPE和类型实例type与实例INS和实例实例ins之间已经假设的任何确定的合理的类型层面联系(包括公理和定理)ASS(TYPE/type, INS/ins)和ass(TYPE/type, INS/ins)的一致性CS(TYPE/type, INS/ins),我们提出对应的语义一致性公理。
语义一致性公理CS:只有当特定联系ass(TYPE/type, INS/ins)属于ASS(TYPE/type, INS/ins )时,具体的联系ass(type, ins)才是合理的。
具体的描述形式如下:
CS(TYPE/type, INS/ins)::={ASS(TYPE/type, INS/ins ), ass(TYPE/type, INS/ins)}
ES(IM):=CS(IM, IIM)
:={<IM, IIM>}
EFP(IM):=ASS(ES)
:=(CS(<<IM, IIM>, <IIM, IIM>>))*
一直以来总有人尝试基于错误认知的客观化的具体数学IM里去寻求本质上非已经通过对应数学的相关公理AM(IM)客观化的主观问题SP的实例化映射ISP的解释。我们将解释,由于搜索空间的隔离这种寻找必然是徒劳无果的。
AM(IM):=Min(ASS<EFP>)
:=min(HP(IM))
进行元分析,形式上,从特定数学出发能得到的结论都是能和其公理集合建立一致性联系的表达。由于相对特定数学的客观假设HP(IM)与被归为主观问题的问题前提如果被视为假设HP(SP)无交集,从而其实例也建立不起来联系,从而无法形成期待的解释EEXP。
HP(SP)!=HP(IM)
=>
<S(EEXP),T(EEXP)>!=<S(EXP),T(EXP)>
对应与寻求主观问题的解释,在进行推理前应当从本质语义上回溯到基本公理上,或者在基本公理的层面上进行相关问题假设的匹配,如果相关问题落在特定数学的公理语义覆盖范围之外,搜索必然是徒然的。而要继续探求这一解释,寻找新的公理是一个可能的方案。
由于公理作为特点数学论证的认知基础具有对依托相关公理的实例化论述的独立的依托意义,以及对相关论述的一致性范围具有本质上的决定意义。
我们将相关公理集合的构建视为对相关关联论述的存在语义计算与推理(SCR,Semantic Computation and Reasoning)层面的工作,称之为存在计算与推理(EXCR,Existence Computation and Reasoning)。存在计算与推理更多的侧重从认知直觉和直觉迁移角度形成语义空间(Semantic Space)的表达确定。
存在计算与推理EXCR的基础假设公理就是存在的守恒公理(CEX, Conservation of Existence Set):
在遵从CS(TYPE/type, INS/ins)的一致性操作(包括推理和计算)过程中本质上的存在语义集合EX 或{ex}只能被组合但不能被否定存在,或者存在语义不会被改变。
CEX:
EX({ex}, CS(TYPE/type, INS/ins))
::=EX({Computation({ex}), Reasoning({ex}}, CS(TYPE/type, INS/ins))
我们将基于存在计算与推理得到的相关公理集合的解决具体问题前的类型语义层面实例化溯源、表达权衡、表达转换、表达迁移和效率优化视为对相关关联论述的存在语义层面的工作,称之为本质计算与推理(ESCR, Essential Computation and Reasoning)。
本质计算与推理ESCR的基础假设公理就是本质集合整体完整性的组合一致性公理(CES, Consistency of Compounded Essential Set):
在遵从CS(TYPE/type, INS/ins)的一致性操作(包括推理和计算)过程中,本质上的存在语义集合EX 或{ex}的某个具体整体ISM(CS(EX))的组合Complex(CS(EX))有多种遵循一致性公理CS(TYPE/type, INS/ins)的表达形态Complex(CS(EX))或Complex(T), 这些表达形态之间具有本质语义上的等价性,或者说它们都可以通过符合CS(TYPE/type, INS/ins)的一致性操作被规约为SM(CS(EX))。
CES:
ISM(CS(EX))::=ISM(Complex(CS(EX)))
References:
(1) Yucong Duan: Towards a Periodic Table of conceptualization and formalization on State, Style, Structure, Pattern, Framework, Architecture, Service and so on. SNPD 2019: 133-138
(2) Yucong Duan: Existence Computation: Revelation on Entity vs. Relationship for Relationship Defined Everything of Semantics. SNPD 2019: 139-144
(3) Yucong Duan: Applications of Relationship Defined Everything of Semantics on Existence Computation. SNPD 2019: 184-189
(4) Yucong Duan, Xiaobing Sun, Haoyang Che, Chunjie Cao, Zhao Li, Xiaoxian Yang:
Modeling Data, Information and Knowledge for Security Protection of Hybrid IoT and Edge Resources. IEEE Access 7: 99161-99176 (2019)
(5) 段玉聪等, 跨界、跨 DIKW 模态、介尺度内容主客观语义融合建模与处理研究. 中国科技成果,2021年8月498期,45-48
(6) Y. Duan, "Semantic Oriented Algorithm Design: A Case of Median Selection," 2018 19th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing (SNPD), 2018, pp. 307-311, doi: 10.1109/SNPD.2018.8441053.
(7) Y. Duan, "A Constructive Semantics Revelation for Applying the Four Color Problem on Modeling," 2010 Second International Conference on Computer Modeling and Simulation, 2010, pp. 146-150, doi: 10.1109/ICCMS.2010.113.
(8) Yucong Duan, A dualism based semantics formalization mechanism for model driven engineering, IJSSCI, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 90-110, 2009.
(9) Yucong Duan, "Efficiency from Formalization: An Initial Case Study on Archi3D" in Studies of Computing Intelligence, Springer, 2009.
(10) Yucong Duan, "Creation Ontology with Completeness for Identification of 3D Architectural Objects" in ICCTD, IEEE CS press, pp. 447-455, 2009.
(11) Y. Huang and Y. Duan, "Towards Purpose Driven Content Interaction Modeling and Processing based on DIKW," 2021 IEEE World Congress on Services (SERVICES), 2021, pp. 27-32, doi: 10.1109/SERVICES51467.2021.00032.
(12) T. Hu and Y. Duan, "Modeling and Measuring for Emotion Communication based on DIKW," 2021 IEEE World Congress on Services (SERVICES), 2021, pp. 21-26, doi: 10.1109/SERVICES51467.2021.00031.
(13) Duan Yucong, Christophe Cruz. Formalizing Semantic of Natural Language through Conceptualization from Existence. International Journal of Innovation, anagement and Technology, 2011, 2 (1), p. 37-42, ISSN: 2010-0248. ffhal-00625002
(14) Y. Duan, "A stochastic revelation on the deterministic morphological change of 3x+1," 2017 IEEE 15th International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications (SERA), 2017, pp. 333-338, doi: 10.1109/SERA.2017.7965748.
(15) Yucong Duan, Identifying Objective True/False from Subjective Yes/No Semantic based on OWA and CWA. July 2013. Journal of Computers 8(7)
DOI: 10.4304/jcp.8.7.1847-1852
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276240420_Identifying_Objective_ Tr ueFalse_from_Subjective_YesNo_Semantic_based_on_OWA_and_CWA/citatio ns
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